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CSI 227. Configuring Web Sites and Servers. Configuring Web Sites & Servers. Web site properties can be set at several levels Global defaults – apply to all web sites on a particular server Site defaults – apply to all pages and directories that comprise a single web site
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CSI 227 Configuring Web Sites and Servers
Configuring Web Sites & Servers • Web site properties can be set at several levels • Global defaults – apply to all web sites on a particular server • Site defaults – apply to all pages and directories that comprise a single web site • Directory defaults – apply to one particular directory
Naming & Identification • Intranets use names that resolve locally (e.g., intranet) and are reachable only through the local network • Internet web sites use FQDNs and are accessible outside the hosting organization • Host headers allow single IP addresses and port assignments to serve multiple sites
Naming & Identification • Each web server (system) must be assigned a unique IP address (whether or not this IP address is associated with web sites running on that system) • Web servers (systems) may have multiple IP addresses
196.11.20.10 196.11.20.11 Multiple IP addresses – one system
196.11.20.10 Multiple systems – reachable via one IP address
www.badhairday.org (196.11.20.10) DNS resolution
Internal IP address 10.11.20.10 www.badhairday.org (196.11.20.10) Address translation
10.11.20.10 196.11.20.10 Address translation
10.11.20.10 196.11.20.10 10.11.20.11 10.11.20.12 10.11.20.13 Load balancing – big sites
www.waxmakers.org www.toowarm.net Multihoming – smaller sites
(www.waxmakers.org) 66.96.131.84 (www.toowarm.net) 66.96.131.84 Multihoming – smaller sites
Web Site Identity • System name • IP address • Port number • Host header
Hosting multiple sites on one system • Advantage – you install and manage one system • All your web sites are managed from a single interface
Hosting multiple sites on one system • Multiple IP addresses or • Multiple ports or • Unique host headers (FQDNs)
Hosting one site on multiple systems • Advantage: reliability – one or more systems can be down with no discernable affect on the site
Easiest IIS Setup • Populate the default web site with a minimum set of files • The default site is configured and running when the software is installed • In IIS 6.0, the web server is also fairly secure out of the box
Directories • Home Directories (Document Root) • Required for each WWW or FTP site • Central location of published pages • Mapped to server or domain name • Virtual Directories • Directory not included in home directory, but appearing to client browsers as such • Appear as gear/wheel icon
Access Control (ACLs) • Used to control what users have what type of access • Administrators and authors should have write access to a website • Public should have read access but usually not write • Requires NTFS formatted volume to work correctly
IP Addresses & Ports • All unassigned • Specific IP address • Port 80 or other
Home Directory • Directory on your local drive or other system
Configuring Keep Alives • Original HTTP opened a new connection for every file retrieved • Keep alives, new with HTTP 1.0, allow multiple files (e.g., all the components of a single web page) to be retrieved in a single connection • The start up and closing of a connection requires system resources
Physical & Virtual Directories • Physical directories are housed within the home directory of the particular web site • Virtual directories are not
Access Permissions • Read – read documents, e.g., html • Run scripts (such as asp and perl) • Execute (such as ASAPI & CGI) • Write – upload files, e.g., w FrontPage • Browse – view directory listing if no default page is present
