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Chemical Formulas and Equations

Chemical Formulas and Equations. Changes in Matter. Matter can undergo 2 types of changes… Physical Change (only affects physical properties; ex: size, shape, solid, liquid, gas) Chemical Change (produces new substances that have different properties than original substances)

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Chemical Formulas and Equations

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  1. Chemical Formulas and Equations

  2. Changes in Matter • Matter can undergo 2 types of changes… • Physical Change (only affects physical properties; ex: size, shape, solid, liquid, gas) • Chemical Change (produces new substances that have different properties than original substances) • Chemical Reaction- A process that produces a chemical change.

  3. Chemical Equations • Reactants- Substances that react • Products- Substances that form • Chemical Equation- Tells chemists the reactants, products and proportions of each substance present. (some tell physical state of each substance)

  4. Describe a Chemical Reaction • Use Words • Reactants are listed on left side of the arrow, separated from each other by a plus (+) sign • Products are placed on right side of arrow, also separated by a plus (+) sign • The (Arrow) → = produces • Use chemical names instead of common names in equations

  5. Conservation of Mass • Law of Conservation of Mass- The mass of the products must be the same as the mass of the reactants in the chemical reaction. • Atoms are never lost or created in a chemical reaction; they just change partners

  6. Balancing Chemical Equations • Same # of atoms on left side of → need to be on right side as well.

  7. Energy (Exothermic) • Energy Released (bonds break in reactants and new bonds are formed in the product) • Products are more stable and bonds have less energy than those of the reactants • Extra energy is released (light, sound, and thermal energy)

  8. Energy (Endothermic) • Energy Absorbed (reactants are more stable and bonds have less energy than the products)

  9. Reactions • Endothermic Reactions- Absorb thermal energy. • Exothermic Reactions- Release thermal energy. • Burning is exothermic energy • Energy can be released rapidly (charcoal) or slowly (rust) • “Energy” can be included in the equation, but not necessary

  10. Classifying Chemical Reactions • Synthesis- Puts things together for products • Decomposition- Breaks down compounds • Replacement- Elements of compounds are rearanged

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