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Overview

The relation between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and (Specific) Language Impairment ((S)LI) Esther Parigger LEXEF 2007. Overview. Diagnoses ADHD and SLI Discussion (part 1) Comorbidity: ADHD and (S)LI / (S)LI and ADHD Discussion (part 2)

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Overview

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  1. The relation between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and (Specific) Language Impairment ((S)LI) Esther Parigger LEXEF 2007 1 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  2. Overview Diagnoses ADHD and SLI Discussion (part 1) Comorbidity: ADHD and (S)LI / (S)LI and ADHD Discussion (part 2) Possible relationships Discussion (part 3) 2 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  3. APA, 2000 Problem: diagnosed on the basis of clinical evaluation. ADHD Problem (?): language items are included in the symptom list. Diagnosis Symptoms (division in subtypes) -present before 7 years of age -present in two or more settings -significant impairment in functioning -not accounted for by another disorder Symptoms of inattention Symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity Predominantly inattentive subtype Predominantly hyperactive/impulsive subtype Combined subtype 3 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  4. Hoffmann, 1845 ADHD • ‘Filip de Schommelaar’ • Hyperactivity • Impulsivity • ‘Hans Kijk-in-de-Lucht’ • Inattention 4 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  5. Stark and Tallal, 1981 Bishop, 1994; Botting, 2005 Impaired hearing Emotional and behavioral problems PIQ < 85 Neurological deficits/ lesions Speech motor skill deficiencies Low reading age SLI LA Receptive < MAP/CA (6 mo.) LA Expressive < MAP/CA (12 mo.) LA Overall < MAP/CA (6 mo.) Diagnosis Exclusion Severity Problem: diagnosed on the basis of exclusion. Problem: no behavioral problems allowed.. 5 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  6. Mayer, 1969 SLI Video of Jan 7;11.21 Frog-story 6 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  7. Discussion (part 1) What do you think about the ADHD and SLI diagnoses? 7 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  8. Wittchen, 1996; Burke et al., 1990 Comorbidity Problems Used descriptively (A)symptomatic overlap Assessment Definition (for now): “the presence of more than one specific disorder in a person in a defined period of time” 8 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  9. Cantwell, 1996; Jónsdottír, 2006; Cohen et al., 1998; Blankenstijn en Scheper, 2003 Comorbidity with ADHD Conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder Mood disorders, anxiety disorders Tourette’s syndrome, chronic tics Language problems, learning disorders Prevalence rates vary! 9 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  10. Parigger and Baker, 2005 Comorbidity with ADHD:ADHD and language problems Subtle problems in language comprehension More robust problems in language production Syntax Pragmatics 10 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  11. Parigger, in prep (a); Blankenstijn and Scheper, 2003; Tannock; 1993; Trabasso and Rodkin (in Berman and Slobin), 1994 Comorbidity with ADHD:ADHD and language problems Percentage of worded plot elements in Frog-stories Total score -effect of diagnosis: ADHD<N -effect of age: 7<8<9 11 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  12. Webster 2004: 473 Comorbidity with SLI E.g. motor abnormalities, reading disabilities, nonverbal IQ’s at the lower end of the normal range, social problems, attention deficit disorders etc. ”SLI is thus rarely specific, and for this reason, it has been argued that there is a need for a change in terminology” 12 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  13. Botting, 2006 (poster) Comorbidity with SLI:SLI and ADHD symptoms 23% of 200 children with SLI (11 years old) scored in the atypical range of the ADHD scale of the SDQ SLI group without and SLI group with ADHD symptoms differed, mainly in expressive language tasks with semantic (pragmatic?) content 13 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  14. Discussion (part 2) Are ADHD en (S)LI comorbid disorders or is (S)LI secondary to ADHD (or vice versa)? 14 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  15. Blankenstijn en Scheper, 2003: 20 Possible relationshipsbetween PI and LI Unicausal comorbidity: (third risk factors)  PI  LI (third risk factors)  LI  PI Dependent causal comorbidity: (third risk factors)  LI/PI  LI/PI 15 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  16. Tannock and Schachar, 1996: 147 Possible relationship between ADHD and language problems Executive Dysfunction Theory “We theorize that the core behavioral symptoms of ADHD (…) and the pragmatic difficulties that these children exhibit (…) are related to deficits in executive function (i.e. higher-order cognitive processes).” 16 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  17. Parigger, in prep (b). Main study Comparison of language profiles and cognitive profiles of children with ADHD, SLI and normally developing children (7 and 8 years of age) 17 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  18. Discussion (part 3) Is it plausible to think that a specific executive functioning profile can be related to a specific language profile in ADHD? 18 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

  19. Thanks for this discussion! More information: E: e.m.parigger@uva.nl W: http://home.medewerker.uva.nl/e.m.parigger T: 0031-20-5253811 I’ll upload a hand-out for you! 19 Esther Parigger. 13-04-07.

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