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Radiation therapy for lung cancer uses powerful, high-energy X-rays or other particles to destroy cancer cells. Describing here the types of Radiation Therapy
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1. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy involves sophisticated image guidance that pinpoints the exact three-dimensional location of a tumor. It delivers exceptionally precise and intense doses of radiation to cancer cells. SBRT helps to use high doses of radiation in a small number of doses. This approach is termed hypofractionated radiation therapy, which delivers high doses with extreme precision. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy is commonly used for treating early-stage diseases where the tumor is tiny and the cancer is limited to the lungs.
2. Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (Proton Therapy) Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy is an advanced radiation therapy used to treat cancer and noncancerous tumors. IMRT utilizes several small photon or proton beams of different intensities to precisely and accurately destroy a tumor. The radiation intensity of each beam is finely controlled, and the beam shape changes throughout each treatment. Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy aims to follow the radiation dose, reduce exposure to healthy tissue, and limit the side effects of treatment.
3. Brachytherapy (Internal Radiation Therapy) People with lung cancer are also a candidate for Brachytherapy. Brachytherapy utilizes radioactive material sealed inside a thin tube in the body during surgery to help lessen the risk of cancer returning after treatment. This also helps to deliver high doses of radiation to the airways utilizing a specialized approach called endobronchial Brachytherapy. Brachytherapy is generally used to treat patients whose cancer has returned in the larger airways.
There are two different types of Brachytherapy (Internal Radiation Therapy): Permanent Implants Permanent implants utilize a capsule about the size of a grain of rice containing radioactive material. It delivers most of the radiation therapy around the implant area. Sometimes, some radiation may exit the patient’s body and require safety measures to protect others from radiation exposure. With time the implants lose radioactivity, but the seeds remain in the body. Temporary Internal Radiation Therapy This therapy is performed using a needle inserted via a tube called a catheter or through special applicators. The radiation usually stays in the body from a few minutes to a few days. However, most people receive internal radiation therapy for just a few minutes.
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