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11. Andorra. Rosalyn Hatlen. Economy. Based on tourism (8) Duty-free economy brings many foreign visitors and immigrants (8). Not a full member of the EU, but on its way (6). Tax reform on the way, right now 0% income tax (6).
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11 Andorra Rosalyn Hatlen
Economy • Based on tourism (8) • Duty-free economy brings many foreign visitors and immigrants (8). • Not a full member of the EU, but on its way (6). • Tax reform on the way, right now 0% income tax (6). • Has a mixed economy, much like the U. S. with some government regulation but free will of consumers (8). • Use the Euro (6). • 1 Euro = 1.39082 US Dollar • 1 US Dollar (USD) = 0.71900 Euro (EUR) (25) • 99.9% literacy rate (4).
Economy • National income 2010-$3.4 billion (8) 17 17
Economy 33 GDP Per Capita
Economy 34 Gross National Income
EconomY 30 Euro exchange rate
Economy • Lack natural resources, so imports are high, mainly electricity and food (6). • Have a hydroelectric plant at Les Escaldes that provides 40% of their electricity (6). • Attempting to increase their self-sustainability and reduce reliance on France and Spain (6). • Less than 2% of land is arable (6). • Manufacture handicrafts for export (6).
Economy 27
Economy 31
Economy 36
Economy • High standard of living: 12th in the world in the 2011 International Living Index (10). • $4.50 minimum wage government mandated. It is not high enough to cover the high cost of living (23). • Job complaints focus on job security; workers may be dismissed at any time without notice (23). • Benefits of unemployment only last 25 days (23). • Sovereign credit rating: A/Negative/A-1 (25) • Have never defaulted (6).
Economy 23
Population geography • 13 Population Distribution
Population Geography 42 Population Density
Population geography 50 Urban Population
Population geography • Population 2012: 78,360 (11). 17
Physical geography • Landlocked, Southwestern European country (11). • Located near important crossroads in the Pyrenees Mountains (11). • Squished in between France and Spain (11). • 467 km^2 area (7) • Mostly land, few rivers, no lakes (11). • Rugged mountain terrain full of valleys (11). • North: 42° 39' 15'', West: 1° 24' 34” (4). • Temperate climate with cold, snowy winters and warm, dry summers (11). • 300 sunny days a year on average (10). 11
geography 12
geography 38
Geography 49
geography 44
Architectural geography • Not very rich in resources, so most buildings are made of stone. There are few trees for lumber (6). • There is a Romanesque aspect to the architecture, left from Roman rule (6). • Roman Catholicism influence can be seen in the churches. Most are grand, intricate buildings that overtake the landscape in the area (6). • Arching ceilings, spacious area, and large buildings are common (6).
culture 24 • Fairly even distribution of men and women (14). • Women have a small role in politics so far (23). • Marriage is a little complicated because at least one party must be a resident of Andorra (39). • 3rd highest life expectancy in the world (10).
culture • People usually work hard during the winter months and celebrate during the summer (2,3). • As a result many festivals are celebrated during the summer, such as the Festas Majors (village festivals), music festivals, the Gegants (large wooden sculptures of historical figures), and the Esbart (local dance troupe) (2,3). • Nickname: Country of Snow (15,16). • Has the best skiing and snowboarding in all of the Pyrenees, and people also enjoy hiking, biking, climbing, and more (16). • Spectacular scenery (15). • Also visit Caldea Spa (15).
culture • The Caldea Spa is a major tourist draw, being one of the biggest thermal spas in all of Europe (15). 15
culture 26 Festa Andorra
culture 28 32 Festa Andorra/Esbart
culture 2 Gegants
culture 8
Cuisine • Traditionally hearty mountain fare (7). • France and Spain have always had an influence, as they traded rule of the country for many years (7). • Typical dishes: Escudella - Peasants’ stew, made with different meats, sausages, chickpeas, vegetables and pasta. • Civet de porcfer – Wild boar stew • Cunillo – Rabbit stewed in tomato sauce. • Xai – Roast lamb (7) • 3rd Sunday of September if the Gastronomy Fair (7). • Escudella day is January 17th, national dish (7).
Cuisine • Lots of meats and vegetables are included (15). • Authentic food can be found at Bordas, Catalan restaurant houses. • Attention to detail and presentation are very important (15). • No distinctive cooking techniques, yet each dish has a separate method (4). • Known for their excellent cheeses (4).
cuisine 29 Escudella
cuisine 18
cuisine 22 CremaCatalana
cuisine 15 Coques
Facts • Doesn’t have an airport (6). • Languages spoken are Catalan (official), French, Castilian, and Portuguese (6). • Capital: Andorra la Vella (6) • The last of the March states created by Charlemagne (9). • Prime Minister is Antoni Marti Petit (8). • Co-princes of France and Spain have official rule, but as a formality only (8). • François Hallande, President of France (8). • Joan EnricVivesSicília, Bishop of Seud’Urgell, Spain (8).
