BME 273 Senior Design Project Group 25 “MEMs in the Market”

1. BME 273Senior Design ProjectGroup 25“MEMs in the Market”

2. Problem • Drug companies demand a MEMs device that allows mobile, On-Chip drug testing, but at this point, that demand has not been met

3. Primary Objective • Our primary objective is to create a MEMs On-Chip dual cell culture device at the pico-liter volume scale that allows for automated cell culturing and sensing for the testing of drugs and other perfused substances.

4. Goals • Primary goal: • Create two cell cultures, each 720 pico-liter volumes, on one chip according to previous specifications • Show that these cell cultures allow for cells to retain life during experiments • Secondary goals: • Create On-Chip sensors that allow us to sense the metabolism/response of cells to different stimuli (i.e., drugs)

5. Solution Original

6. Solution • Primary Design: (picture)

7. Solution Continued

8. Solution • Secondary Design:

9. Solution • Experimental Methods: • Load cells into device • Begin perfusion • Wait 24 hrs., 48 hrs., etc. • At different times periods test cell viability via fluorescence • Test fluorescence via imaging

10. Materials • Polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS) • Negative Resist (SU-8) • Silicon Wafers • MEMS laboratory • 8 mm masks • Platinum (working electrodes) • Silver (reference Ag/AgCl electrodes)

11. Fabrication Steps • Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using mask, and develop lower region for cell insertion and perfusion. • Cast PDMS replica of master • Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using mask, and develop upper region for pneumatic control of cell insertion channels. • Cast PDMS replica of master and then lay over top of lower region

12. Business Strategy Objective: Developing a strategy to market this BioMEMS device to major drug companies

13. Main Focus Points • Cost efficiency • Currently, $400-800 million and 10 years per drug • Lower cost due to decrease in reagent and labor usage • <$1 per BioMEMS chip • Scale up the number of cell cultures per experiment • Higher speed  faster experiments • Greater control and modularity • Portable experimentation

14. Market Barriers • Government regulation of medical devices • Reluctance of pharmaceutical industry to universally invest lots of money • Lack of funding for BioMEMS start-up companies • Scaling up production of prototypes

15. Market Potential Worldwide MEMS market estimate      (in billions of $)           2003    3.85           2004    4.5           2005    5.4           2006    6.2           2007    7 Source: Yole Development 2005 forecast MEMS markets by sector              Automotive  41%             Telecom     29%Bio-med     16%             Military     3%             Other       11%Source: Peripheral Research Corp, Santa Barbara, Calif.

16. Industry Contacts • Pfizer • Johnson & Johnson • Novartis • MEMS Industry Group • Microchips, Inc. • ISSYS • Boehringer Ingelheim • Affymetrix, Inc. • Caliper Life Sciences • Cepheid • Orchid Cellmark • Roger H. Grace • Author “The New MEMS and Their Killer Apps” http://finance.yahoo.com

17. References • Fabrication of miniature Clark oxygen sensor integrated with microstructure • Ching-Chou Wu, Tomoyuki Yasukawa, Hitoshi Shiku, Tomokazu Matsue • A BioMEMS Review: MEMS Technology for Physiologically Integrated Devices • AMY C. RICHARDS GRAYSON, REBECCA S. SHAWGO, AUDREY M. JOHNSON, NOLAN T. FLYNN, YAWEN LI, MICHAEL J. CIMA, AND ROBERT LANGER