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Anti Hacker Poetry in the Mac OS X

Anti Hacker Poetry in the Mac OS X. Your karma check for today: There once was a user that whined/ his existing OS was so blind/ he'd do better to pirate/ an OS that ran great/ but found his hardware declined./ Please don't steal Mac OS!/ Really, that's way uncool./

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Anti Hacker Poetry in the Mac OS X

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  1. Anti Hacker Poetry in the Mac OS X • Your karma check for today: There once was a user that whined/ his existing OS was so blind/ he'd do better to pirate/ an OS that ran great/ but found his hardware declined./ Please don't steal Mac OS!/ Really, that's way uncool./ (C) Apple Computer, Inc."

  2. Multi-layered Network Security Technology Solutions DATA Technology Solutions Organizational Policies Industry and Legal Standards

  3. Automated Attack Vectors

  4. 2012 Threat Assessment Report • Industrial Threats (Stuxnet) • Embedded Hardware Attacks • Hacktivism rises (Anonymous) • Cyberwar (as in Georgia-Russia conflict) • Spam goes legit • Mobile threats (DroidKungFu) • Mobile Banking threats (Zeus and SpyEye) • Rogue Certificates

  5. Automated Attack VectorsViruses • A computer program file capable of attaching to disks or other files • Necessary characteristics of a virus: • It is able to replicate • It requires a host program as a carrier • It is activated by external action

  6. Automated Attack VectorsWorms • A self-replicating computer program, similar to a virus • A virus attaches itself to, and becomes part of, another executable program • A worm is self-contained and does not need to be part of another program to propagate itself • The Robert Morris Worm • Written at Cornell • Released at MIT • Fixed at Harvard

  7. Automated Attack VectorsBots • Derived from the word Robot • Program designed to search for information Internet with little human intervention • Search engines typically use bots to gather information for their databases

  8. Automated Attack VectorsBots • Thousands of highly configurable bot packages available on Internet • Usually between 10,000-100,000 machines • Some at 350,000 • Considered the No. 1 emerging online threat

  9. Automated Attack VectorsBots: uses • DDoS attacks • Information theft • keyboard logging, network monitoring, etc • Trade Bandwidth between hacker communities • Host illegal data • Pirated software, movies, games, etc.

  10. Automated Attack VectorsBots: prime targets • High bandwidth (“cable bots”) • High availability systems • Low user sophistication • System located in geography providing low likelihood of law enforcement effectiveness

  11. Security Teams at Microsoft

  12. Vulnerability Reported • Is the reported problem really a vulnerability? A security vulnerability is a flaw in a product that makes it infeasible – even when using the product properly – to prevent an attacker from usurping privileges on the user's system, regulating its operation, compromising data on it, or assuming ungranted trust. http://www.microsoft.com/technet/treeview/default.asp?url=/technet/columns/security/essays/vulnrbl.asp

  13. Vulnerability Reported

  14. Biometrics 101 (cont) Required System Components • A biometric authentication device is made up of three components: • A database of biometric data. • Input procedures and devices. • Output and graphical interfaces.

  15. Identification Vs. Verification • In identification, the system then attempts to find out who the sample belongs to, by comparing the sample with a database of samples in the hope of finding a match (this is known as a one-to-many comparison). "Who is this?" • Verification is a one-to-one comparison in which the biometric system attempts to verify an individual's identity. "Is this person who he/she claims to be?"

  16. Security Measures for the Internet Age

  17. Encryption Plaintext Ciphertext Plaintext Encryption Decryption • Cryptography: art and science of keeping messages secure • Cryptanalysis: art and science of breaking ciphertext • Cryptology: area of mathematics that covers both

  18. Encryption continued • If • M=the plaintext message • C=the encrypted ciphertext • E=encryption algorithm • D=decryption algorithm • Then • E(M)=C • D(C)=M • D(E(M))=M

  19. Algorithms and Keyspaces • The cryptographic algorithm (cipher) is a mathematical function used for encryption and decryption • Security based on restriction to internals of algorithm • But • If someone leaves group • Someone buys algorithm • Problems of restricted algos solved with using keys

  20. Keys • Any one of a large number of values • The total possible set of keys is called the keyspace • The encryption and decryption is dependent on key • So • EK(M)=C • DK(C)=M • DK(EK(M))=M • What does this mean? • DK2(EK1(M))=M

  21. Private vs. Public Key Encryption symmetric asymmetric

  22. Symmetric vs. Asymmetric algorithms • Symmetric • Typically use the same key for encryption and decryption • Sender and receiver must agree to secret key before sending message • Asymmetric • Key for encryption is different from one for decryption • Encryption key can be made public • Decryption key is private • Sometimes called public key encryption

  23. Cryptanalysis • Recovering the plaintext without the key (an attack) • All secrecy resides in the key • Types of attack • Ciphertext-only attack • Known-plaintext attack • Chosen-plaintext attack • Adaptive-chosen-plaintext attack • Rubber-hose attack • Purchase-key attack

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