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Chapter 17

Chapter 17. The Brain. CNS  Central Nervous System. Brain and Spinal cord Interpretation, thought, autonomic nervous system PNS  Peripheral Nervous System. Nerves in the body Sensory receptors, Effectors. Parts of the Brain. Medulla oblongata  stem of brain

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Chapter 17

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  1. Chapter 17 The Brain

  2. CNS  Central Nervous System. Brain and Spinal cord • Interpretation, thought, autonomic nervous system • PNS  Peripheral Nervous System. Nerves in the body • Sensory receptors, Effectors

  3. Parts of the Brain • Medulla oblongata stem of brain • Cerebrum  the outer part of the brain • Thalamus  Underneath the Corpus Callosum • Cerebellum Behind the Medulla oblongata and underneath the cerebrum. • Hypothalamus  Underneath the thalamus • Pituitary Gland  hangs below the hypothalamus • Corpus Callosum Between the thalamus and the cerebrum • Meninges thin watery layer around the CNS

  4. What do the parts of the Brain do? • Medulla oblongata • Does all the involuntary actions. Breathing, heartbeat, sneezing, coughing and etc. • Cerebrum • Has two halves. Communication, higher thinking, memory. • Corpus Callosum • Connects the two halves of the brain. Allows communication between the halves of the brain. • Thalamus • Takes in sensory information and relays it other parts of the brain. Also does memory and emotion

  5. Hypothalamus • Center for autonomic nervous system. • Helps maintain homeostasis, regulates thirst, hunger, water, sleep, etc. • Controls the pituitary gland • Link between nervous system and endocrine system • Pituitary Gland • Releases hormones into the body. • Major part of the endocrine system • Cerebellum • Maintains muscle tone. Posture, balance, ensures muscles work in a coordinated manner. • Meninges • Covers the central nervous system. Protects the CNS

  6. Voluntary and Involuntary • Autonomic Nervous System • No control over. Heartbeat, breathing, sneezing, digestion, salivation. • Somatic Nervous System • Have control over. When though is put into something. Picking up an object, speaking.

  7. Parasympathetic vs. Sympathetic • Parasympathetic Nervous System • Digestion, Low Heart Rate, Slow Breathing, Small Pupils. • State of rest • Neurotransmitter used is acetylcholine • Sympathetic Nervous System • Fast Heart Rate, Fast Breathing, dilates bronchi, Pupils of eyes are dilated. • More oxygen for muscles. More light in to see better • Neurotransmitter used is norepinephrine • Initiated by the adrenal gland  releases hormone called epinephrine. This hormone activates the Sympathetic Nervous system. Comes from the adrenal medulla.

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