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Chapter 3

Chapter 3. Settling the Northern Colonies, 1619–1700. I. The Protestant Reformation Produces Puritanism. 1517 Martin Luther-Protestant Reformation 1530 King Henry VIII leaves Catholic Church Puritans Wanted ‘pure’ English Church. Separatists W anted to break away from Ch. Of England.

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Chapter 3

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  1. Chapter 3 Settling the Northern Colonies, 1619–1700

  2. I. The Protestant Reformation Produces Puritanism • 1517 Martin Luther-Protestant Reformation • 1530 King Henry VIII leaves Catholic Church • Puritans • Wanted ‘pure’ English Church. • Separatists • Wanted to break away from Ch. Of England.

  3. John Calvin

  4. King Henry VIII

  5. II. The Pilgrims End Their Pilgrimage at Plymouth • 1608 Separatists fled to Holland • 1620 Some Separatists (known as Pilgrims) sailed on the Mayflower to Plymouth Bay. • Mayflower Compact • An agreement to form a majority government. (usually)

  6. The Mayflower carried 102 ‘Pilgrims’

  7. Signing the Mayflower Compact

  8. Pilgrims @ Plymouth Rock(no historical evidence)

  9. Another traditional view

  10. Painting in the White House

  11. p42

  12. III. The Bay Colony Bible Commonwealth • 1630 Puritans found Massachusetts Bay Colony • ~70,000 refugees leave England, Great Migration • Massachusetts Bay Colony • Largest and most influential colony. • Colonists believed they had a covenant with God to build a holy society.

  13. Map 3-1a p44

  14. Map 3-1b p44

  15. IV. Building the Bay Colony • Franchise for “freemen” • Men who belong to church • The Bay Colony was not a democracy • Taxes for the government-supported church

  16. V. Trouble in the Bible Commonwealth • Quakers were persecuted • Anne Hutchinson banished • Roger Williams was an extreme Separatist • Arrested, found guilty, fled to Rhode Island • Started Baptist church in Providence

  17. Hutchinson being drummed out of town

  18. Anne Hutchinson The Dissenter p45

  19. Roger Williams – Founder of Rhode Island

  20. VI. The Rhode Island “Sewer” • Complete freedom of religion • Even for Quakers, Jews and Catholics • Rhode Island - the most liberal colony Exercised simple manhood suffrage More freedom of opportunity Strongly individualistic & independent

  21. Massachusetts Bay Colony

  22. VII. New England Spreads Out • New England fertile farming area • Connecticut’s Fundamental Orders (1639) • Modern democratic constitution • Massachusetts Bay Colony expand • New Hampshire made a royal colony

  23. Map 3-2 p46

  24. VIII. Puritans Versus Indians • 1618-19 epidemickilled 3/4s of natives • Wampanoag Indians befriended the settlers • 1621 The first Thanksgiving was celebrated • 1637 Pequot War • Colonial victory • 1675-1676 King Philip’s War (First Indian War) • Colonial victory

  25. p47

  26. IX. Seeds of Colonial Unity and Independence • New England Confederation (1643) • Primary aim was to defend against the Indians • Essentially an exclusive Puritan club • King Charles II more aggressive towards colonies • Connecticut charter changed • Rhode Island new charter OKs religious tolerance • Mass. Bay Colony charter was revoked

  27. Table 3-1 p48

  28. KINGJAMES IOF ENGLAND

  29. Charles I King Of England

  30. p49

  31. X. Andros Promotes the First American Revolution • England creates Dominion of New England • New England, New York, and East and West Jersey • Sir Edmund Andros headed the Dominion • Navigation Laws • Limited colonial trade

  32. Sir Edmund Andros p49

  33. Map 3-3 p49

  34. Most products could be bought/sold only to England

  35. X. Andros Promotes the First American Revolution • The Glorious (or Bloodless) Revolution • Catholic James II overthrown • Protestant rulers William II and Mary II • The new monarchs inaugurated a period of “salutary neglect”

  36. King James II of England

  37. William and Mary

  38. XI. Old Netherlanders at New Netherland • The Netherlands - A colonial power • Dutch East India Company • New Netherland along Hudson River • Patroonships, feudal estates, were built • Bought Manhattan Island from the Indians • New Amsterdam (later New York City)

  39. A Woman, by Gerret Duyckinck Depicts a prosperous woman in colonial New York. An example of the local aristocracy know as the “Hudson River lords.” p51

  40. XII. Friction with English and Swedish Neighbors • Manhattan setters erected a protective wall • Wall Street • New Sweden claimed on the Delaware River • Attacked & taken over by the Dutch

  41. New Amsterdam

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