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Electricity, Sound and Light

Electricity, Sound and Light. Chapter Eight: Electricity and Magnetism. 8.1 Electricity 8.2 Electrical Circuits and Electrical Power 8.3 Properties of Magnets. Investigation 8A. Electricity. How does electricity work?. 8.1 Electric and magnetic forces.

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Electricity, Sound and Light

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  1. Electricity, Sound and Light

  2. Chapter Eight: Electricity and Magnetism • 8.1 Electricity • 8.2 Electrical Circuits and Electrical Power • 8.3 Properties of Magnets

  3. Investigation 8A Electricity • How does electricity work?

  4. 8.1 Electric and magnetic forces • All matter has electrical (and magnetic) properties because the atoms that make up matter are held together by electromagnetic forces.

  5. 8.1 Electric and magnetic forces • Magnetic forces can attract or repel because there are two kinds of magnetic poles, called northand south. • A north pole repels another north pole but attracts a south pole.

  6. 8.1 Electric and magnetic forces • Like magnetism, electric charge comes in two types. We call them positiveand negative. • A positive charge attracts a negative charge and vice versa. • Two similar charges repel each other.

  7. 8.1 Electric charge • Electric charge, like mass, is also fundamental property of matter. • Inside atoms found in matter, attraction between positive and negative charges holds the atoms together.

  8. 8.1 Electric charge • Because ordinary matter has zero(total) charge, most matter acts as if there is no electric charge at all. • A tiny imbalance in either positive or negative charge is the cause of static electricity.

  9. 8.1 Electric current • Electric current is caused by moving electric charge. • Electric current comes from the motion of electric charges that are much smaller than atoms. • These charges are called electrons. e-

  10. 8.1 Electric current • Electric current is similar in some ways to a current of water. • Like electric current, water current can carry energy and do work. • A waterwheel turns when a current of water exerts a force on it.

  11. 8.1 Electric current • Electric current is what makes an electric motor turn or an electric stove heat up. • Electric current is measured in ampereshonor of Andre-Marie Ampere.

  12. 8.1 Electric current • Electric current can carry great deal of energy. • An electric motor the size of a basketball can do as much work as five big horses or twenty strong people.

  13. 8.1 Voltage • When two containers of water are the same height, no water will flow. • No current flows when there is zero voltage difference, which is why a dead battery won’t light a bulb.

  14. 8.1 Voltage • Current flows from higher voltage to lower voltage. • It is a difference in voltage that makes electrical current flow just as a difference in height makes water current flow.

  15. 8.1 Batteries • Since electric current in wires is invisible, think of a “current” of marchers, each carrying a bucket of energy. • The battery refills the buckets with fresh energy and the bulb uses the energy to make light and heat.

  16. 8.1 Batteries • A pump is like a battery because it brings water from a position of low energy to high energy.

  17. 8.1 Batteries • A battery uses stored chemical energy to create the voltage difference. • Three 1.5-volt batteries can be stacked to make a total voltage of 4.5 volts in a flashlight.

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