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Ultra Wideband UK Test Results

Ultra Wideband UK Test Results. Presented by John Mettrop UK CAA. What is Ultra WideBand?. Short Duration Pulse Occupies significant Bandwidth (Normally >500MHz) High Instantaneous Power Low average Power Flux Density Intended to Operate Below Noise Floor.

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Ultra Wideband UK Test Results

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  1. Ultra Wideband UK Test Results Presented by John Mettrop UK CAA

  2. What is Ultra WideBand? • Short Duration Pulse • Occupies significant Bandwidth (Normally >500MHz) • High Instantaneous Power • Low average Power Flux Density • Intended to Operate Below Noise Floor

  3. Ultra Wideband Applications (1) • Communications • 3.1 – 10.6 GHz • Range <30 Metres • Bandwidth 480 MBits/Sec • Replacement of USB, Video Streaming • Ground/Wall Penetrating Radar • < 3 GHz • Range <2 cm to contact face • Road/Runway/Wall Assessment • Licensed and Co-ordinated

  4. Ultra Wideband Applications (2) • Building Material Analysis • < 4 GHz • Range <1 Metre through Wall • Location of Pipes/Cables/ Imperfections • Intended to Be Unlicensed

  5. Theoretical Studies • ITU • TG1/8 • Established in 2002 • Completed it’s work in 2005 • Produce 1 report and 4 Recommendations • ECC • PT 3 • Report 64 • ECC Decision • Further Consultation on PFD Limits 3.1 – 4.4 GHz • On-going Work on GPR/WPR/BMA • Due to Complete June 2006

  6. Practical Testing in the UK

  7. Aggregate Effects? Decreasing antenna gain UWB Devices ~300m Radar Antenna 4° 2° Sidelobes Azimuth beamwidth ~2 to 4 degrees

  8. Antenna Elevation Difference in antenna gain < 1dB One storey building Two storey building Handheld External? Shielding Glass 0 dB Brick ~10 dB dB

  9. Antenna Elevation Difference in antenna gain < 1dB More important is number of devices rather than height e.g. departure lounge. Eastleigh? Shielding Glass 0 dB Brick ~10 dB dB

  10. I/N versus UWB EIRP Radar IF Filter Response Single UWB spike e.g. 50 MHz PRF Multiple UWB spikes e.g. 1.5 MHz PRF

  11. 1.5 MHz Undithered, 1 MHz bandwidth 1.5 MHz Undithered 1 MHz bandwidth

  12. Dithered UWB Undithered Dithered

  13. Dithered UWB

  14. 1 MHz measurement bandwidth 4.8 MHz channel width OFDM UWB Bandwidth correction factor for noise-like signals: C = 10log10(BW ratio) C = 10log10(5) = 7 dB BW Ratio = Radar IF BW/1 MHz

  15. Effect of Radar Processing on Interference Type Radar return pulse 20 dB 20 dB 50 MHz undithered spike Frequency 20 dB Radar return pulse 30 dB OFDM

  16. False Targets: Early Warning Mode Targets start at 40 nm Target spacing 2.5 nm

  17. Determining Pd: 100%5 targets, no interference

  18. Determining Pd: 80%4 targets

  19. Determining Pd: 60%3 targets

  20. Determining Pd: 40%2 targets

  21. 1 2 3 Determining Pd: 3 faint targets

  22. Pd vs EIRP: Radar B Uncorrected

  23. Pd vs EIRP: Radar A Uncorrected

  24. Correcting for wrong Pd

  25. Correcting for wrong Pd Measured at 90% +9.6 dB Perform correction Curve Fit Model for 90% + 9.6 dB At 50% point Model

  26. Pd vs EIRP: Radar B Corrected -90 dBm/MHz at 358m -70 dBm/MHz at 358m -56 dBm/MHz at 358m ~20 dB

  27. Pd vs EIRP: Radar A Corrected -53 dBm/MHz at 358m -84 dBm/MHz at 358m ~30 dB

  28. Distance correction Antenna near field effects ~ 100m? First Fresnel Zone At 3 GHz > 2 km Field strength ITU Propagation Models 20 Log D1/D2 40 Log D1/D2 Distance

  29. UWB Allowable Field strength vs Distance

  30. UWB Allowable Field strength vs Distance

  31. I/N versus EIRP: UWB to Radar B

  32. Propagation: Onset of UWB interference

  33. Key factors • Setting of targets to 90% Pd • Determining when a target is visible • IF measurement bandwidth • Location of IF measurement in radar chain

  34. Faulty Baby Alarms • Purpose • Monitoring baby activity during sleep • Potentially Affect Services • VHF Communications • Documented Cases of Interference • Numerous in the UK • Solution • Supply replacement unit • Studies • None

  35. Industrial/Scientific/Medical 5th Harmonic of 27 MHz • Purpose • Various including RF drying ovens for biscuits etc • Potentially Affect Services • VHF Communications • Documented Cases of Interference • Numerous within the UK • Solution • Retune centre frequency of the RF unit • Better RF Shielding • Studies • None

  36. Cable TV • Purpose • Provision of television and internet services • Potentially Affect Services • ILS, VOR, VHF Communications • Documented Cases of Interference • Numerous in Germany and Belgium • Initial Problems in the UK • Solution • Improved termination of cables • Frequency avoidance • Studies • ECC Report 24 • May 2003 • http://www.ero.dk/documentation/docs/docfiles.asp?docid=1941&wd=N

  37. Wireless Cameras • Purpose • Wireless CCTV cameras • Potentially Affect Services • DME, SSR, GNSS • Documented Cases of Interference • See WG F Working Paper 9 • Solution • Confiscation • Prosecution • Studies • None

  38. GSM On-board Aircraft • Purpose • Provide mobile phone communications in flight • Potential Impact • Interference to Aircraft Systems • Passenger Behaviour (Air Rage) • Interference to Ground Non-Aeronautical Services • Studies • RTCA 202 (on-going) • Eurocae WG58 (on-going) • CEPT SE 7 Technical Report (on-going)

  39. Windfarms 1 • Purpose • Renewable Energy Provision • Potentially Affect Services • Radar • (ILS, MLS, VHF Communications) • Documented Cases of Interference • See next slide • Solution • Objection to Development • Studies • None published • Work on-going

  40. Windfarms 2

  41. Questions

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