Forces and Motion

1. Forces and Motion By Deena Jarwan, Abby Haugh, and Brandy Ordaz, Cade Shuck

2. Force • What is Force? • Force is any push or pull on and object. Force gives an object energy to stop moving, start moving, or change direction. It has both magnitude and direction. A force can cause and object to change its velocity to accelerate, or deform, or both. It is measured in the SI unit of Newton's and is represented by an F. • force • /fôrs/ • strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.

3. Balanced Force • -What is a balanced force? • A balanced force is caused by and equal number of force being directed on the object at one time. If there was a water bottle on a desk and two people were pushing with the same amount of force, the water bottle would never move because the forces were balanced. All balanced forces cause and object to remain at rest. Every balanced forces have net force of zero. Two forces that exert the same amount of force “cancel each other out.”

4. Unbalanced Force • What is an Unbalanced force? • An unbalanced force is caused by an uneven amount of force being directed on an object. If one person was pushing a chair with 40N to the right, and another person was pushing the chair to the left with 35N, the person pushing the chair to the right would be moving the chair to the right. The net force would be 5N to the right.

5. Newtons First Law • Also known as of the law of inertia, this law states that an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion will stay in motion with the same speed and direction unless acted on by an unbalanced force. This means that there is a natural tendency of objects to keep on doing what there doing. All resist changes in their state of motion. In the absence of an unbalanced force, an object in motion will maintain this state of motion.

6. Newtons Second Law • Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater amount of force needed (to accelerate the object). Heavier objects require more force to move the same distance as lighter objects.

7. Newtons Third Law • For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that for every force there is a reaction force that is equal in size, but opposite in direction. That is to say that whenever an object pushes another object back it gets pushed back in the in the opposite direction equally hard.

8. Speed • Speed is the rate at which someone or something is able to move or operate. Speed is also the measurement of how fast is object moves relative to a reference point. This only measures how fast an object is moving, not the direction it is moving in. • Speed = Distance/Timeor s = d/t

9. Velocity • Velocity is the rate of change in an objects position. Although velocity does measure speed, it also measures the direction the object is moving towards. That is the difference between speed and velocity. So velocity is the speed of an object plus its direction. *Velocity = the change in distance/change in time

10. Acceleration • Acceleration is the change in velocity. When you press on a cars gas pedal, the car suddenly begins to move faster. So the change in the car staying still and the car moving fast is acceleration. Acceleration is the rate of change in an objects movement. • Acceleration = force/massa = v/t or a = F/m Acceleration

11. Sir Isaac Newton • Sir Isaac Newton is one of the most important and most influential scientists of all time. Newton was an scientist, astronomer, and mathematician. During his lifetime, he developed the theory of gravity, the laws of motion, and new types of mathematics such as calculus. He also made breakthroughs in the area of optics such as the reflecting telescopes. Sir Isaac Newton is believed to be one of the most intelligent people to ever live.