Lesson 7

1. Lesson 7 Good Production Practice #7 Educate all animal caretakers on proper administration techniques, needle-use procedures, observance of withdrawal times and methods to avoid marketing adulterated products for human food.

2. Objectives • This lesson will help you: • Name and describe the three most common ways to administer medications in pork production • Understand how to prevent broken needles Good Production Practice 7

3. Educate Animal Caretakers • Everyone involved in treating animals should use proper techniques for administrating medication • Producers should have an education plan for animal caretakers Good Production Practice 7

4. Educate Animal Caretakers • Administer medication properly • Use proper injection techniques • Identify treated animals • Discuss daily actions • Know where information can be found • Identify withdrawal times • Follow label instructions • Keep treatment records • Use needles properly • Follow veterinarian directions Good Production Practice 7

5. Medication Administration • Typical routes of medication delivery include: • By injection • Oral • Topical Good Production Practice 7

6. Medication Administration • By injection • Individual treatment • Practical way of medicating pigs that are too sick to eat or drink • Alternative route used when medication is not well absorbed from the gut Good Production Practice 7

7. Medication Administration • Oral • Works well for treating groups • Feed • Water • Individual dosing Good Production Practice 7

8. Medication Administration • Topical • Sprays • Dusts • Pour-ons • Dips Good Production Practice 7

9. Injection Methods • Five Methods of Giving Injectable Medications • In the muscle (Intramuscular - IM) • Under the skin (Subcutaneous – SQ) • In the nasal passages (Intranasal – IN) • In the abdominal cavity (Intraperitoneal – IP) • In the vein (Intravenous – IV) Good Production Practice 7

10. Injection Methods • In the Muscle (IM) • Use area on neck behind and below ear • DO NOT inject in the ham or loin (with a needle) • Use proper size and length needle Good Production Practice 7

11. Injection Methods • Under the skin (SQ) • Inject only into clean, dry areas • Small pigs • Use the loose flaps of skin in the flank or elbow • Larger pigs • Inject in neck behind the ear • Use proper size and length needle • Slide the needle under the skin away from the site of skin puncture before depositing the product Good Production Practice 7

12. Needle Injection Guide Good Production Practice 7

13. Injection Methods • Other Injection Methods • In the nasal passages (IN) • In the abdominal cavity (IP) • In the vein(IV) Good Production Practice 7

14. Needles • Prevent Broken Needles • Use a straight needle • NEVER straighten a bent needle • Care for needles properly • Use clean needles • Use sharp needles • Do not use a needle with a burr Good Production Practice 7

15. Needles • Provide needle-use guidelines to all animal caretakers that address: • Using proper animal restraint • Selecting the proper site and technique for injection • Using the proper size and length of needle • Maintaining a clean sharp needle • Retrieving dropped needles • Changing bent needles • Considering the appropriate number of needles • What to do in the case of a broken needle Good Production Practice 7

16. Sharps • Needles, syringes and knife blades (all sharps) must be disposed of properly • Use rigid, puncture-resistant container • Container should be clearly labeled as a biohazard waste container • When full, the container should be securely closed and sealed Good Production Practice 7

17. Take Home Message • Three methods of giving medication: • By injection • Orally • Topically • Never straighten and re-use a bent needle • Use the correct size needle for your animal Good Production Practice 7

18. Summary • Educate everyone involved with your swine project • Identify the different types of medication administration • Identify the different types of injections • Recognize and dispose of a damaged needle Good Production Practice 7

19. Youth Pork Quality Assurance Plus Good Production Practice 7