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Motion

Motion. - the process of changing position. Describing Position. Reference point – the starting point you choose to describe the location, or position, of an object Position – describes an object’s distance and direction from a reference point

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Motion

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  1. Motion - the process of changing position

  2. Describing Position • Reference point – the starting point you choose to describe the location, or position, of an object • Position– describes an object’s distance and direction from a reference point • Displacement – the difference between the starting position and the final position

  3. Speed • the distance an object moves in a unit of time • ex. 2m/s or 60 km/h • Constant Speed • when an object moves the same distance over a given unit of time • Changing Speed • when the distance an object covers increases or decreases over a given unit of time

  4. Average Speed • total distance traveled divided by the total time speed(s) = distance(d)/time(t)

  5. Calculating Speed (s = d/t) • On a hike you travel 2800 m in 2 h. What is your average speed? • A jet airliner flew 4100 km from New York City to San Francisco in 4.25 h. What was its average speed? • How long would it take you to bike 20 km at an average speed of 5 km/h?

  6. Velocity • the speed and the direction of a moving object • ex. 5 m/s to the east • Constant Velocity • An object moves with constant speed and its direction does not change

  7. Changing Velocity • Velocity changes if either the speed or the direction of the object changes

  8. Acceleration • the measure of the change in velocity during a period of time • Positive Acceleration • acceleration is in the same direction as its motion; speeds up • Negative Acceleration (deceleration) • acceleration is in the opposite direction of its motion; slows down

  9. DESCRIBING MOTION WITH GRAPHS

  10. DISTANCE- TIME GRAPHS • A graph that shows how distance and time are related. • Time is on the x axis • Distance is on the y-axis • shows the distance an object travels from a reference point. • This type of graph shows how an object’ s position changes over time

  11. DISTANCE- TIME GRAPHS • The line on this distance-time graph shows that the bus is traveling at a constant speed

  12. DISTANCE- TIME GRAPHS • The line on this distance-time graph shows that the object’s speed is changing

  13. DISTANCE- TIME GRAPHS • Distance-Time graphs can be used to compare the motion of two objects • The slope of Line A is greater than the slope of Line B. The object A traveled faster than the object B

  14. SPEED- TIME GRAPHS • Shows the speed of an object on the y-axis and time on the x-axis. • It shows how the speed of an object changes during an interval of time. Acceleration Constant speed

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