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中山醫學大學大學生研習營 Problem-solving Learning ＆ Communication

中山醫學大學大學生研習營 Problem-solving Learning ＆ Communication. 溫明麗 日期： 2008/12/07 11:20~12:10 http://web.ed.ntnu.edu.tw/~t04008. What Do You Need to know about PBL ?. PBL demands the learner acquisition abilities of A) Critical knowledge, B) Problem solving proficiency,

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中山醫學大學大學生研習營 Problem-solving Learning ＆ Communication

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  1. 中山醫學大學大學生研習營Problem-solvingLearning＆ Communication 溫明麗 日期：2008/12/07 11:20~12:10 http://web.ed.ntnu.edu.tw/~t04008

  2. What Do You Need to know about PBL? • PBL demands the learner acquisition abilities of • A) Critical knowledge, • B) Problem solving proficiency, • C) Self-directed learning strategies, • D) Team participation skills.

  3. Students' Challenges • PBL challenges students: • A) To "learn to learn," • B) Working cooperatively in groups, • C) Engaging students' curiosity, and • D) Initiating learning the subject matter. • PBL prepares students to think critically and analytically, and to find and use appropriate learning resources. (Duch,1995) • Duch, B. (1995). Problem-based learning in physics: The power of students teaching students. About Teaching, 47, 6-7.

  4. Students' Main Tasks in PBL • A) Inquirywith information-gathering, • B) Reflection, • C) Emancipate from fossil thoughts • to promote active learning, and • D) Reconstruct new way of thinking and knowledge.

  5. Teacher-centered vs. Student-centered • Prescriptive Curriculum • One to whole • Teaching as transmitting • Learning as receiving • Structured environment • Experiential Curriculum • Whole to part • Teaching as facilitating • Learning as constructing • Flexible & Open environment

  6. Three levels of PBL • 1) First objective - focus on the discovery of knowledge and skills: Students are continually challenged to discover new knowledge. • 2) Second objectives - revolve around the students' integration of knowledge & skills. • 3) Third objectives - deal with developing critical thinking, problem solving skills and decision making skills.

  7. PBL Process to Students • Understanding the Problems • Learning new knowledge • Solving problems • Creating new thinking and Knowledge

  8. Students' Role • Take responsibility for yourown learning. • Collaboration with the independent learning is an essential skill for students. • Self-Reflection, or self-assessment allows the student to complete the learning cycle: • A) What did I learn? • B) What more do I need to know? • C) How can I approach this problem in the future? • D) What abilities should I learn after PBL?

  9. Key Learning Points • What do I need to know?Who will collect the information?Where will I find the information?Is the information useful/reliable?How can I teach my group?What can they teach me? • 同儕學習 ＋合作學習 ＋獨立學習

  10. Encountering with the problem • Thinking about information: What data do you have?想清楚如何與蒐集哪些資料 • Feeling learning issues: List of what is needed to acquire additional data and complete the problem.列出清單努力不懈 • Actionplan: Activities needed to be done in order to complete the problem.採取行動 • Wishing through evaluation: Is the problem solved? Does the process need to be repeated?自我實現

  11. 5 Steps for PBL via CT 1) Using 5W:What caused this problem? And why? 2) Identifying the likely causes of Problems 3) Working out the major factors involved: Identify possible causes. 4) Analyzing your solutions: test whether your assessments are correct. 5) Ensuring your solution.

  12. The Process of Communication • 溝通七元素: • 訊息來源、編碼、訊息、管道、解碼、訊息接收者、及回饋

  13. The process of communication Source：來源 Message：訊息 Encoding:編碼 Channel: 管道face-to-face meetings, telephone and videoconferencing; and written channels including letters, emails, memos and reports Decoding:解碼 Receiver：接收 Feedback：回饋 Context：脈絡/情境

  14. The Paths of Communication • 依正式化程度分: • 正式的溝通、非正式的溝通 • 依方向分: • 向上溝通、向下溝通、橫向構通 • 依溝通形態分: • 鏈狀溝通、輪狀溝通、網狀溝通 • 依工具類別分: • 口語溝通、非口語溝通

  15. Communication Skills Effective communication is all about conveying your messages to other people clearly and unambiguously. It's also about receiving information that others are sending to you, with as little distortion as possible.

  16. The Crucial Barriers to Communication& Removers Barriers Removers 意識過濾 選擇性覺知 情緒作用 語言因素 使用回饋 主動傾聽 控制情緒 簡化語言

  17. Making a Great First Impression Be Yourself, Be at Ease, Present Yourself Appropriately: They say a picture is worth a thousand words, and so the “picture” you first present says much about you to the person you are meeting. A Word about Individuality A winning Smile Be Open and Confident

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