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Dr. Sama ul Haque

Histology of Bone and Cartilage. Dr. Sama ul Haque. Understand the histology of bone. Understand the histology of cartilage. Objectives. Composition of Bones. Collagen: chief organic constituent (protein) Inorganic Calcium Salts: Vitamin D essential for absorption .

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Dr. Sama ul Haque

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  1. Histology of Bone and Cartilage Dr. Sama ul Haque

  2. Understand the histology of bone. • Understand the histology of cartilage. Objectives

  3. Composition of Bones • Collagen: chief organic constituent (protein) • Inorganic Calcium Salts: Vitamin D essential for absorption

  4. A Chemical Analysis of Bone

  5. Cells • Osteoblasts: bone building, bone repairing cells in the periosteum and synthesize new matrix (Osteogenesis) • Osteocytes: osteoblast embedded within the bone matrix (mature bone cells) • Osteoclasts: cells that cause absorption of bone or dissolve bone matrix (Osteolysis)

  6. Periosteum • Dense, fibrous membrane covering bone • Contains blood vessels • Essential for bone cell survival and bone formation Endosteum

  7. Histological or Microscopically Compact bone (dense) • Basic unit of compact bone is an osteon. • Osteocytes within lacunae arranged in concentric circles called lamellae. • This surround a central canal; complex is called Haversian system. • Weight Bearing.

  8. Histological or Microscopically Spongy bone (cancellous) • Contains trabeculae • Found at ends of Long Bones, Ribs, Sternum, Hips, Vertebrae, Cranium • Web-Like Arrangement • Low Stress Areas Where Weight of Bone Would Be a Problem.

  9. Compact and Spongy Bone

  10. Compact and Spongy Bone

  11. Compact and Spongy Bone

  12. Osteoblasts and Osteocytes

  13. Lacunae and Canaliculi Communication

  14. Periosteum and Endosteum

  15. Mature Bone (Compact)

  16. Mature Bone (Spongy)

  17. OsteonLacunae (L)Canaliculi (C)Osteocytes (O)

  18. Cartilage • Type of Dense connective tissue ( Cells and fibers) • Perichondrium ( Fibro-vasculo-cellular membrane) • Cells = Characterized by Rigid with flexibility and Resilience. • Avascular • Nerves and lymphatics are absent • Cells (Chondroblasts and chondrocytes) • Matrix => Connective tissue fibers (Collagen, Elastin)

  19. Hyaline Cartilage • Hyaline (Glass) • Commonest form • Bluish white, translucent and homogenous in appearance with collagen fibers. Sites: => Articular cartilage => Costal cartilage => Tracheal cartilage  Ossifies to form bone in young age

  20. Hyaline Cartilage and Perichondrium

  21. Elastic Cartilage • Yellow; Elastin fibers • More elastic than hyaline • Sites: => Pinna of the ear => Epiglottis => Auditory tube  Never ossifies

  22. Elastic Cartilage

  23. Fibro-cartilage • White, Opaque with collagen fibers • Sites => Intervertebral disc => Intra articular disc => Menisci  Ossifies in old age

  24. Fibrocartilage • Collagen (c)

  25. Cartilages

  26. Thank you

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