词汇语法总复习

1. 词汇语法总复习

2. (上期)第二份试卷答案 • 1~10: CBCDC CADDD • 11~20: CABDB DBCCA • 21~29: CADAC ACCB • 31~40: CBDBD CDACD • 41~50: CDBBD BBCDB

3. 1. He asked us to _____ them in carrying through their • plan. • A) provide B) arouse C) assist D) persist • 2. A good many proposals were raised by the • delegates , _____ was to be expected. • A) that B) what C) so D) as • 3. He was such a _____ speaker that he held our • attention every minute of the three-hour lecture. • A) specific B) dynamic C) heroic D) diplomatic

4. 1. He asked us to ___ them in carrying through their plan. A) provide B) arouse C) assist D) persist • 本题考查动词词义辨析及短语: • assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事。 • We all assisted in mending the roof. 我们都帮着修屋顶. • A) provide供应，供给 • They provide us with food. 他们供给我们食物。 • B) arouse激起，唤起 • The odd sight aroused our curiosity. • D) persist vi. 坚持(in)，持续 • He persisted in denying his knowledge of it. • 他坚持说他不知道此事。

5. 2. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates , _____ was to be expected. A) that B) what C) so D) as • 本题考查代词用法辨析。答案为D • as作关系代词时，其意为“这一点，这件事” ( = which fact)，它可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面一句话。 • 逗号后部分是对前面部分的补充，为非限制性定语从句。 • B) what 和 C) so 不能引导定语从句， • A) that 一般不能引导非限制性定语从句，这三项可排除。 • [译文] 正如所预期的，代表们提出了许多很好的建议。

6. 3. He was such a _____ speaker that he held our attention every minute of the three-hour lecture. A) specific B) dynamic C) heroic D) diplomatic • 本题考查形容词辨析。正确选项为B • 句中的结果状语从句大意为：三个小时演讲的每一分钟他都抓住了我们的注意力。表明演讲者是dynamic有活力的. • 其它项：A) specific特有的，特定的： • specific qualities and attributes独特的品质和属性， • a specific remedy for warts治疗疣的特效药； • C) heroic英雄的，英勇的：heroic deeds英雄事迹； • D) diplomatic 外交的： • Julia joined the diplomatic service after her graduation from the university. • 朱丽娅大学毕业后就到外交部门工作了。

7. 4. Arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the • _____ which occurred in his dormitory. • A) occasions B) matters C) incidents D) issues • 5. The opening between the rocks was very narrow, • but the boys managed to _____ through. • A) press B) squeeze C) stretch D) leap • 6. They are trying to _____ the waste discharged by • the factory for profit. • A) expose B) exhaust C) exhibit D) exploit

8. 4. Arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the _____ which occurred in his dormitory. A) occasions B) matters C) incidents D) issues • 考查名词辨析。根据句尾的定语从句，它修饰的先行词（位于空格）发生在宿舍里的，一般不会是特别重大的事。答案C. incident(s) 表示“小事件，附带事件” • 如：Were there any exciting incidents during your journey? 你们在旅行中有没有什么令人激动的事情？ • 其它选项：A) occasion(s) 表示“盛事，盛会”， • a great occasion盛大的场面，on great occasions在盛大的节日； • B) matters表示“情况，事态”，make matters worse使情况恶化。 • 注意：单数形式a matter才表示“事情，问题”，而本项是复数形式matters，故不能选； • D) issue(s) 常用来表示“争议，争论，争执”， • 如：legal and moral issues法律和道德的争议。

9. 5. The opening between the rocks was very narrow, but the boys managed to _____ through. A) press B) squeeze C) stretch D) leap • 考查动词辨析。题意: 岩石间的口子很狭窄，必须“挤”才能过去，这里应是不及物动词。答案为B) squeeze 如：The children squeezed together to make room for me to sit down. 孩子们挤在一起以便腾出空来让我坐下。

10. 其他选项： • A) press用作不及物动词时，意为“紧迫，逼迫，拥挤”， • Time presses.时间紧迫。The debts pressed on him.债务威逼着他。Let‘s press on with our work.让我们加紧工作吧。 • C) stretch用作不及物动词时，意为“变长，变宽，伸展”， • 与题意不符 • D) leap用作不及物动词时，意为“跳，跳跃，跳越” • leap for joy 雀跃， • The dog leapt over the fence. • 狗跳越了栅栏。也与题意不符。

11. 6. They are trying to _____ the waste discharged by the factory for profit. A) expose B) exhaust C) exhibit D) exploit • 辨析形近动词。 • 只有选项 D) exploit (开发，充分利用)可以与题干关键词 waste (废物) 组成合理的动宾搭配: exploit the waste(开发利用废物，开拓荒地) • 又如：exploit the oil under the sea开采海底石油。

12. 其它选项： • A) expose(揭露，使暴露)： • He exposed their plot. 他揭穿了他们的密谋。 • B) exhaust(耗尽，使筋疲力尽)：exhaust one’s patience • 失去耐心， • C) exhibit (公开展示)： • documents exhibited in a law court当庭出示的文件， • She exhibited her paintings at our school. • [译文] 他们正试图开发利用工厂排放的废物来获取利润。

13. 7. The manager urged his staff not to _____ the • splendid opportunity. • A) drop B) miss C) escape D) slide • 8. _____ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him • as a man. • A) Much as B) Only if C) If only D) As much • 9. Because of a ________ engagement, Lora couldn't • attend my birthday party last Saturday. • A) pioneer B) premature C) prior D) past

14. 7. The manager urged his staff not to _____ the splendid opportunity. A) drop B) miss C) escape D) slide • To miss the splendid opportunity(错失良机)， • 组成合理的动宾搭配，符合题意。答案B) • miss(错过，失去)，miss a chance. 错过一次机会。 • 其它选项： • A) drop作及物动词时，意为“减少，降低，下跌，丢下”， • 如：drop the rate of production降低生产率， • drop everything and help搁下一切来帮忙。

15. C) escape用作及物动词时，意为“逃避，避免，逃脱”， • Nothing escaped his attention.什么也逃不出他的注意； • Her name escapes me.我忘了她的名字。 • The craft will acquire sufficient velocity to escape the sun‘s gravitational attraction.飞船将获得足够快的速度来脱离太阳的引力。 • D) slide 作及物动词时，意为“使…滑动” • 被排除的A、C、D三项都不能与题干关键词opportunity组成合理的动宾搭配。 • [译文] 经理力劝他的职员不要错过这次绝佳的机会。

16. 8. _____ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as a man. A) Much as B) Only if C) If only D) As much • 本题考查连接词辨析。这是一个复合句结构，逗号前后为从句和主句，两者的意思对立，从句应该是让步状语从句。连接词as可以引导让步状语从句，但应用倒装句形式将从句的副词或形容词放在句首，即“副词或形容词 + as + 主谓”句型，答案是选项A) Much as，排除词序错误的选项D) As much。

17. 另外两个选项： • B) Only if表示“只要，只有” • 如：She will play the piano only if she is paid. • 只有付给她报酬，她才愿意演奏钢琴。 • C) If only 表示“但愿”， • 如:If only you were rich. 但愿你很富有。 • [译文] 尽管我很钦佩作为诗人的大卫，但我不喜欢他的为人。

18. 9. Because of a ________ engagement, Lora couldn't attend my birthday party last Saturday. A) pioneer B) premature C) prior D) past • 形近词辨析。根据题意，句首介词短语为原因状语，说明为何Lora没能参加生日聚会。显然，是因先前有了一个约会，故选C) • prior（常与 to 连用）优先的，在前的： • A prior engagement will preclude me from coming. • 我因有约在先，不能来了； • This task is prior to all others. 这项任务比所有其他任务都重要。

19. 其它选项： • A) pioneer先驱，倡导者： • a pioneer in aviation航空业的先驱； • B) premature早熟的，不到期的，过早的： • a premature baby早产儿， • a premature fall of snow一场早雪， • They made a premature decision. • 他们做出了一个不成熟的决定； • D) past（时间）过去的，结束的，以前的： • in times past很久以前， • my past successes我昔日的成功， • Winter is past. 冬天结束了。

20. 10. The continuous rain _______ the harvesting of the • wheat crop by two weeks. • A) set back B) set off C) set out D) set aside • 11. Not having a good command of English can be a • serious _______ preventing you from achieving • your goals. • A) obstacle B) fault C) offense D) distress • 12. It's very ________ of you not to talk aloud while the • baby is asleep. • A) concerned B) careful • C) considerable D) considerate

21. 10. The continuous rain _______ the harvesting of the wheat crop by two weeks. A) set back B) set off C) set out D) set aside • 动词短语辨析。根据题意，连续降雨对收割小麦产生的影响只会是“阻止，妨碍，减慢其进程”，故选A) set back。 • 用法举例： • Her illness set her back in her schoolwork. • 她的病妨碍了她的学业。 • 其它选项： • B) set off vi.出发，启程 • set off for Europe开始欧洲之旅； • vt.激起，引起 • set off a bomb引爆炸弹， • set off a chemical reaction引起化学反应

22. C) set out vi.出发，启程，着手(开始)： • She set out at dawn for town. • 她日出时出发去镇上； • He set out to understand why the plan had • failed. • 他开始明白为什么计划失败了； • D) set aside留出，拨出，搁置，不顾。 • [译文] 连续降雨使得小麦的收割耽误了两个星期。

23. 11. Not having a good command of English can be a serious _______ preventing you from achieving your goals. A) obstacle B) fault C) offense D) distress • 名词辨析。分析: 句子后部的现在分词短语是修饰填入词的后置定语，“阻止一个人达到自己目标的”应该是“障碍”，由此可推断A项正确。 • [译文] 不熟练掌握英语会成为你实现自己目标的严重障碍。 • obstacle障碍(物)：an obstacle to progress进步的障碍。 • 其它几项: • B) fault过错, 缺点, 故障, 毛病：

24. C) offense冒犯，触怒，违规，犯罪： • I meant no offense. 我没有冒犯你的意思。 • It is an offense to drive a car at night without • lights. • 夜晚行车不开灯是违章的； • D) distress悲痛，忧伤，穷困，危难： • The mother was in great distress when her baby became ill. • 婴儿生病时母亲非常痛苦。 • a ship in distress遇难船只。

25. 12. It's very ________ of you not to talk aloud while the baby is asleep. A) concerned B) careful C) considerable D) considerate • 形近形容词辨析。答案为D. 可注意选项和of的搭配， • 很容易混淆的是 C) considerable 相当大（或多）的，可观的： • The TV play received considerable acclaim. 这部电视剧好评如潮。

26. 其它项： • A) concerned • ①挂念的，关心的[常与about连用]： • I am very concerned about her.我很挂念她； • ②有关的[放在所修饰的名词或代词之后]： • the authorities concerned有关当局； • B) careful谨慎的，小心的，仔细的：

27. 13. Many a player who had been highly thought of has • ______ from the tennis scene. • A) disposed B) disappeared • C) discouraged D) discarded • 14. She's fainted. Throw some water on her face and • she'll _______. • A) come round B) come along • C) come on D) come out • 15. All their attempts to _______ the child from the • burning building were in vain. • A) regain B) recover C) rescue D) reserve

28. 形近动词辨析。句中空格后无宾语，应填入不及物动词。各动词都有前缀 dis-，但意不相同： • 13. Many a player who had been highly thought of has ______ from the tennis scene. A) disposed B) disappeared C) discouraged D) discarded • A项中dispose作不及物动词时常与of 连用，表示“处理，对付，解决”： • We have to dispose of this pile of old papers and magazines. • 我们得把这堆旧报纸杂志处理掉； • B项中disappear是不及物动词，表示“消失，不见”：

29. C项中discourage表示“使泄气，使气馁，阻止，劝阻”：C项中discourage表示“使泄气，使气馁，阻止，劝阻”： • Don't let one failure discourage you, try again. • 不要因为一次失败就气馁，再试一试看。 • 但它是及物动词； • D项中discard 除了在牌戏中表示“垫牌”时用作不及物动词之外，一般它都是作为及物动词使用，表示“丢弃，抛弃”： • be discarded by history 被历史抛弃。 • 本题正确答案当为B) • [译文] 许多曾被非常看好的选手已从网球场上消失。

30. 14. She's fainted. Throw some water on her face and she'll _______.A) come round B) come along C) come on D) come out • 答案A) come round苏醒，复原, 转变，改主意： • 其它项： • B) come along出现，进展： • Things are coming along fine. 事情进展顺利； • C) come on (冬、夜等)来临，进展，发作， • [接不定式]开始; [祈使句，表示催促]快点，跟我来！ • D) come out 出来，出现，出版，结果是： • The whole story came out at the trial. • 整个事情真相在审讯中变得众所周知； • How will this affair come out? • 这件事的结局会是怎样？

31. 15. All their attempts to _______ the child from the burning building were in vain. A) regain B) recover • C) rescue D) reserve • 形近动词辨析以及动宾搭配。 • to rescue the child from …组成合理的动宾搭配， • 因此选C) • rescue营救，救出： • to rescue from the building many official papers从 • 大楼里抢救出许多官方文件。

32. 其它项： • A) regain重新获得，重回(某地或某位置)： • regain one’s freedom重获自由， • regain the summit再次攀上顶峰； • B) recover恢复，重新获得： • recover one’s health恢复健康， • recover what was lost寻回失物； • D) reserve预订，保留： • I reserve the right to disagree. • 我保留持不同意见的权利。

33. 17. The university has launched a research • center to develop new ways of ______ • bacteria which have become resistant to • drug treatments. • A) regulating B) halting • C) interrupting D) combating

34. 17 key: D • 17. The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of ______ bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatments • A) regulating B) halting • C) interrupting D) combating • 句中提到要研发一种新方法来应对特定的细菌，to combat bacteria可组成合理的动宾搭配，表示“和细菌作战，抗菌”， • 其它项： • A项中regulate表示“调节，调整”： • regulate temperature调节温度；

35. B项中halt表示“(使)停止”： • No one can halt the advance of history. • 谁也阻挡不了历史的前进； • C项中interrupt表示“打断，中断”： • Don’t interrupt me. 别打断我。 • [译文] 这所大学已经设立了一个研究中心，开发对抗耐药细菌的新方法。

36. 18. The ______ goal of the book is to help bridge the • gap between research and teaching, particularly • the gap between researchers and teachers. • A) joint B) intensive • C) overall D) decisive • 19. The rapid development of communications • technology is transforming the ____ in which • people communicate across time and space. • A) route B) transmission • C) vision D) manner

37. 18. 题意是问此书的目标是什么样的目标，当以C最为适宜：C) overall全部的，总的： • My overall impression was favorable. • 我的总体印象是很好的。 • 其它项： • A) joint共有的，共同的：joint efforts共同的努力； • B) intensive 强烈的，加强的： • Intensive care in hospitals is given to the seriously ill. • 在医院里危重病人得到加强护理； • D) decisive决定性的，果断的，明确的： • decisive advantage明显优势。 • [译文] 这本书的总目标是帮助填平研究和教学之间的鸿 • 沟，尤其是研究人员和教师之间的鸿沟。

38. 19. 题句主要是指出通讯技术的发展正在改变人们的交流方式，to transform the manner是一合理的动宾搭配，所以选D) • manner方式，举止，风格： • Why are you talking in such a strange manner? • 你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？ • 其它项： • A) route路，路线，途径，渠道： • We came by a longer route than usual. • 我们走了一条比通常要长的路来的；

39. B) transmission传送，播送； • C) vision视力，远见，幻影，想象： • She has good vision. 她的视力很好； • He had a vision of himself as a rich businessman. • 他想象自己是一个富有的商人。 • [译文] 通讯技术的迅速发展正在改变人们跨越时空的交流方式。

40. 20. When I go out in the evening I use the bike _____ • the car if I can. • A) rather than B) regardless of • C) in spite of D) other than • 21. There is no _______ evidence that people can • control their dreams, at least in experimental • situations in a lab. • A) rigid B) solid C) smooth D) harsh

41. 20. When I go out in the evening I use the bike _____ the car if I can. A) rather than B) regardless of C) in spite of D) other than • 本题考查介词短语辨析。题意是我宁愿骑车而不开车，所以选A) • rather than（宁愿…）而不…： • He insisted on staying rather than go. 他坚持留下而不愿意去。 其它项： B) regardless of 不顾； C) in spite of 尽管； D) other than 除了。

42. 21. 本题考查形容词辨析以及偏正搭配。根据题句及选项的意义，solid evidence为合理的偏正搭配，答案为B) • solid固体的，实心的，坚固的，可靠的： • a solid citizen可靠的公民，solid facts可靠的事实。 • 其它项： • A) rigid刚性的，坚硬的，坚决的；坚定不移的： • rigid ideas固执的看法；

43. C) smooth平滑的，平稳的： • a smooth ride in a good car • 乘坐在好汽车上平稳行驶； • D) harsh粗糙的，刺耳的，严厉的： • a harsh voice 刺耳的声音， • a harsh punishment 严厉的惩罚。 • [译文] 没有可靠的证据表明人们可以控制自己的梦，至少 • 在实验室的实验中是这样。

44. 22. Every culture has developed ______ for • certain kinds of food and drink, and equally • strong negative attitudes toward others. • A) preferences B) expectations • C) fantasies D) fashions

45. 译文] 每一种文化都逐渐形成了对某类食品饮料的偏爱， 以及同样强烈的对其它食品饮料的否定态度。 • 22. 答案 A) • preferences 偏爱，优先选择： • A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils. • 老师不应偏爱任何一个学生。 • 其它项： • B) expectations期待，期望：

46. C) fantasies空想，幻想： • The young man lives in a world of fantasy. • 这个年轻人生活在幻想的世界里； • D) fashions时髦，时尚： • Is it the fashion to wear short skirts? Yes, short skirts are in fashion. • 现在是不是时兴穿短裙？是的，短裙很流行。

47. 23. Only a few people have _______ to the full • facts of the incident. • A) access B) resort • C) contact D) path • 24. His trousers _______ when he tried to jump • over the fence. • A) cracked B) split • C) broke D) burst

48. 23. • 题意: 对于事件的全部真相只有少数人可以接触或了解到，加上与to连用的用法，各选项中只有access可表达这一层意思，因此选择 A) • Access 通道，进入，接近，使用. • [短语] have / get access to • (有机会)进入，(有机会)接近， • There is no access to the street through that door. • 穿过那个门没有通向大街的路。

49. 其它项： • B) resort 凭借(与 to 连用)： • to pass without resort to cheating • 不靠作弊获得通过； • C) contact 接触，联系(与with / between连用)： • He came into contact with new ideas at college. • 他在大学里接触到了新思想； • D) path小路，小径，途径： • Hard work is the path to success. • 努力工作是成功之路。

50. 24. • 题意: 跳过篱笆时裤子撕裂了，应该选择B) • split裂开，劈开，撕开[常指竖向或顺纹理裂成几部分]： • My trousers split when I sat down. • 我坐下来时，裤子撕开了。 • 其它项： • A项中crack 作不及物动词时表示“发出破裂声，破裂”， • The whip cracked. 鞭子劈啪地响； • The vase cracked when it dropped. 花瓶掉下时打碎了； • C项中break 作不及物动词时表示“破裂，分开，打碎，突变，如：The clouds broke after the storm. • 暴风雨过后，云层分开了； • D项中 burst作不及物动词时表示“爆裂，炸开，爆发”， • 如：I am afraid the balloon will burst. 我怕气球会爆裂；