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Chapter 20-2 Modern Urban Growth. What caused the rapid growth of cities in the late 1800s?. Urbanization (farmers). Immigrants. African Americans Migrate North. 10 Most Populated Cities in the World: 1900. Where did the different classes of people live in cities?.
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Chapter 20-2 Modern Urban Growth
What caused the rapid growth of cities in the late 1800s? Urbanization (farmers) Immigrants African Americans Migrate North
Where did the different classes of people live in cities? Poor: tenement slums, center of the city Middle Class: homes in cleaner neighborhoods, away from “downtown” Wealthy: mansions in exclusive neighborhoods with gates, or walls
Pattern of Settlement In Cities: Suburbs Wealthy Class Homes Suburbs Middle Class Homes Factories, Businesses, Poor Tenement Slum (downtown) Some Small Business Suburbs Suburbs Wealthy Class Homes
Amherst/UB Buffalo 1901
“West Side” (Italian) “Polonia” (Polish) “Kaisertown” (German)
Problems in the cities: Unsafe tenement buildings Garbage removal problem Factory pollution Rapid increase in crime
Reform Movements By 1880s reformers were forcing city governments to: Pass building codes Hire sanitation workers Pass zoning laws Set up police & fire departments
Jane Addams & Hull House By late 1800s people began to form Settlement Houses (community centers that offered: Education in American culture & History English Language Classes Health care instruction Recreation Activities For the Young (sports, singing, theater…)
Social Gospel Movement Based on supplying Christian values & ethics to address problems in society: • Led by Protestant ministers • Child labor reform/laws • Conditions in slums/poverty • Alcohol abuse • Rising crime rate • Bad hygiene, medical care
Jacob Riis Photographs http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAriis.htm http://www.atschool.org/materials/primary/riis.htm http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA01/Davis/photography/images/riisphotos/slideshow1.html • Documented conditions in cities. • Wrote the book How the Other Half Lives, illustrated with his photos. Updated 12/8/10