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Strength of Acids and Alkalis

Strength of Acids and Alkalis. By SK Chan. Why do acids/alkalis show different properties?. What happens when weak acid is dissolved in water?. Weak acid. Only slightly ionized in water to give aqueous hydrogen ions, H + (aq) .

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Strength of Acids and Alkalis

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  1. Strength of Acids and Alkalis By SK Chan

  2. Why do acids/alkalis show different properties?

  3. What happens when weak acid is dissolved in water?

  4. Weak acid • Only slightly ionized in water to give aqueous hydrogen ions, H+(aq). • It is found that about 1% of 0.1 M ethanoic acid molecule is ionized in water. • CH3COOH(aq)  CH3COO-(aq) + H+(aq)

  5. How about Strong acid? • An acid that is completely ionized in water to give hydrogen ions, H+(aq). • HCl(aq)  H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) 0.1 M 0 M 0 M (before ionization) 0 M 0.1M 0.1M (after ionization)

  6. Question 1 • Suggest 3 different properties to distinguish: 0.1 M H2SO4 and 0.1M CH3COOH

  7. Three different properties • pH • Rate of reaction with metals, carbonates, etc. • Conductivity

  8. Check point • What is the term used to describe the formation of hydrogen ions from acid molecule? • Explain in your word the definition of weak acid. • Name one weak and one strong acid. • Suggest methods to distinguish weak acid from strong acids.

  9. Difference between Strength and Concentration • Strength degree of ionization • Concentration quantity of acids in unit volume How are they differ from each other? 10M Ethanoic acid 10M Hydrochloric acid

  10. Question 2 • Which of the following has a lower pH? A 0.1 M hydrochloric acid B 0.1 M ethanoic acid C 0.1 M sulphuric acid D 0.1 M nitric acid Ans. C

  11. Question 3 • Which of the following solutions has the HIGHEST concentration of hydrogen ions? A 20 cm3 of 2M sulphuric acid B 100 cm3 of 0.2 M hydrochloric acid C 100 cm3 of 4M ethanoic acid D 100 cm3 of 2M sodium hydroxide Ans. A

  12. Reading Assignment • Find the names and formula of two weak alkalis. • Describe and explain three different methods to distinguish them from strong alkalis.

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