Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

1. 4th CEF Networks workshop Prague 2007 www.ces.net Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks Stanislav Šíma CESNET

2. Author participates on Optical networks activity of CESNET research program, GN2 projectandPhosphorus project Presented ideas do not necessarily reflect an official opinion of CESNET or any other institution or project. Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

3. Why funding of RENs • Reading of report “Digital Prosperity” is recommended (to better understand the nature of the new economy, innovation, productivity and broad-based prosperity of country) http://www.itif.org/files/digital_prosperity.pdf • Research networks are an important source of Internet innovation and contribute to information technology innovation and deployment • Support of research networks development should be understood as priority in each country Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

4. How to improve networks • Fibres (including short cross border fibres and first mile) dedicated to research network are crucial • Single fibre lines should be used, if improve cost effectiveness • Pure optical networking improves functionality and economy (photonic switches, multicast, waves transiting nodes, alien waves, resource dedication, etc.) • Use full power of photonic devices and programmability - big improvement of functionality, speed, cost and/or other parameters • Experimental Facilities (EF) including long distance dark fibres are inevitable for research of WAN improvements • Lit fibre service simplifies empowering of fibre networks • Fibre network cost model is needed Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

5. Avoid slow innovation and high costs • Slow innovation and high costs are in contradiction with research networking mission • Requirements (concerning research networks design, deployment, operation and innovation during network life cycle) are substantially improved: reduce dependency on • data transmission services: use also dark fibres • traditional network equipment vendors: use also open photonic devices for transmission and switching • Reducing dependency brings advantages in procurement and contracting: competitive offers are accepted only • Pre-procurement with electronic and photonic industry (including collaboration on proposals of standards) will help Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

6. Network Layers in research • Knowledge of research networks staff: • Many experts: IP service, routing and switching using equipment of traditional vendors, protocols, SONET/SDH, Ethernet, telco services • Few experts: Fibre acquirement, Fibre lighting, HW design, FPGA programming, transmission technology • Result: research programs are suggested mostly in the first field • Innovation point of view is the opposite: the most important improvements is coming from photonics technology now • Economy point of view is also the opposite: about 80% of costs of operation are transmission costs as sum of fibre usage cost (about 55%) and fibre lighting costs (about 25% ) – see next slides Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

7. Improvements of research possibilities(an example based on Cesnet experience) • Steps to reduce dependency on telco operator services since 1999 • Reasons • Strategic and technical limitations resulting from telco policy • Economics (costs exhausted too big part of funds allocated for research) • Steps to reduce dependency on traditional networking equipment vendors since 2002 • Reasons • Innovation policy of vendors sometimes limits research networks development • Lack of cost-effective up-to-date photonic equipment suitable for NRENs • Diversification of funding – participation on internationally funded projects (since 2000) • Technology transfer from research to equipment production and to network services (for example by licensing) since 2006 • CLA and COMBO production • Lit fibre service Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

8. Fibre network cost model • General cost model was elaborated in Porta Optica Study FP6 SSA http://www.porta-optica.org/ • Model is based on annualized network costs • The most important task of REN from economical point of view is usually to overcome distances • Corresponding cost category is transmission cost as sum of • fibre cost and • fibre lighting costs. • Model allows comparison of different solutions • See example in attachment and Deliverable D3.2: „Economical analysis, dark fibre usage cost model and model of operations“ for details (draft is available now) Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

9. Advances of photonics in fibre pair lighting (kE) Based on offers received in procurements in last months in POS Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

10. Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

11. Devices for open lighting • Photonics industry products readily available in the market and based on standards allow building of fully programmable optical network platforms. • This extends well-known open approach from software development to hardware and optical devices development and management. • CzechLight (CL) family is affordable set of photonic devices enabling to use full advantage of up-to-date products of photonic industry by programmable devices • Very cost effective, comparing to traditional approach • Availability of transmission parameters to monitoring and management (impairment monitoring and lightpath switching and restoration, testing of reconfigurable optical transport systems, etc.) • Fully open to improvements during network life cycle Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

12. CzechLight family • CzechLight (CL) family: • CLA: family of EDFA amplifiers • CLR: Raman amplifier, • CLS: Optical switch, • CLC: tuneable CD compensator, • CLM: multicast switch • next CL devices are prepared • Concept was proved by deployment in fibre reels, CESNET Experimental Facility (field fibres) and CESNET2 network (in-service), devices are very reliable • Development of UNIX-based management of photonic components has good results (using experience with open software development in universities and RENs) • Possibilities of shaping the future (and further development of open lighting concept) Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

13. Main types and indicative prices of CLA • Main types without gain flattening for up to 8 channels: • CLA PB01 (8900 EUR) Low noise preamplifier and booster amplifier with output power up to 20dBm and optional ALS (Automatic Laser Shutdown) • CLA PB02 (12950 EUR) Low noise preamplifier and high-power booster amplifier with output power up to 27dBm and built-in ALS • CLA DI01 (8300 EUR) Dual in-line amplifier with output powers up to 15dBm • Main types with gain flattening for up to 32 channels: • CLA PB01F (10870 EUR) Gain flattened low noise preamplifier and booster amplifier with output power up to 20dBmand optional ALS • CLA PB02F (14980 EUR) Gain flattened low noise preamplifier and high-power booster amplifier with output power up to 27dBmand built-in ALS • CLA DI01F (9350 EUR) Gain flattened dual in-line amplifier with output powers up to 15 dBm Prices for 1-2 pc in September 2007 Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

14. Dark Fibre and photonics Experimental Facilities • Open dark fibre and photonic Experimental Facility (EF) should be dedicated for support of designing the Internet of the future at all network levels (from dark fibre lighting to network applications in different research areas). • Facilities or testbeds based on lambda connections without full access to dark fibres and programming of lighting devices are considered not sufficient for the future. • The EF enables fundamental shift from current networking technologies that do not offer programmability and flexibility required by the research community. • We distinguish between EF and testbeds (EF is multi-purpose, long term and less technology dependent) • EF enables advances in network development by supporting experiments and applications • Dilemma for EF and testbeds • real users but little innovation • networking innovation but no real users Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

15. CESNET EF • CESNET Experimental Facility (EF) consists of dark fibres, CLAs and switches • EF is used for • testing of new CL devices and new photonic products, • for bulding and operation of testbeds (now Phosphorus testbed), • disruptive experiments with new services and products etc. before deployment in CESNET2 • support of experiments with new applications and research collaboration • first mile solutions testing • EF users: we collaborate with GLIF users in the Czech Republic – collaboration of facilities users looks very reasonable • We are searching for international partners and projects with similar approach Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

16. We search long term collaborationCharles bridge built in 1357 Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

17. Acknowledgement • All partners from CEF Networks and GLIF community, especially Jan Gruntorád and colleagues Lada Altmannová, Miroslav Karásek, Martin Míchal, Václav Novák, Jan Radil and Josef Vojtěch from CESNET Above colleagues are not responsible for any my mistake . Slides for off-line reading follow ........... Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

18. Fibre network cost modelGeneral model elaborated in Porta Optica Study http://www.porta-optica.org/ Model is based on annualized network costs. The most important task of REN from economical point of view is to overcome distances. Corresponding cost category is transmission cost as summary of fibre cost and fibre lighting costs. Following is „Overall NREN budget table“ for Latvia as one case study for example. First three items are costs of operation. See next pages for examples of PoP equipment cost table and transmission cost tables. Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

19. Fibre cost per meter and yearFibre budget table - example Annotations: kE/y – kiloEUR/year, E/m/y – EUR/meter/year Use time is expected duration of usage Contract type – IRU, lease, single, pair, other Fibre maintenance is included in fibre cost Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

20. PoP equipment cost per yearbudget table example Annotations: Type of PoP: common name for PoPs using the same equipment and having the same collocation conditions R&SE - Routing and Switching Equipment including racks, energy backups, servers, workstations, PCs, testers, etc. for monitoring and maintenance COLO cost: Total cost of collocation of PoPs of given type. R&SE&M cost: R&SE annual costs plus maintenance cost Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

21. Transmission costs per meter per yearTraditional lighting example Annotations: TE - Transmission Equipment, TE&M - TE and Maintenance IL COLO costs – Cost for collocation of In-Line transmission equipment, if not included in fibre acquiring costs, Lighting cost = TE&M cost + IL COLO cost Tr. cost (transmission cost) per year and meter = Lighting cost per year and meter + fibre cost per year and meter Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks

22. Transmission costs per meter per yearPhotonic lighting example Improvements in Customer Empowered Fibre Networks