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IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones

IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones. TEMPORARY LABOUR MIGRATION PROGRAM GUATEMALA - CANADA. Günther Müssig. Quebec, Canada, February 2009. LABOUR MIGRATION TO CANADA.

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IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones

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  1. IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones TEMPORARY LABOUR MIGRATION PROGRAM GUATEMALA - CANADA Günther Müssig Quebec, Canada, February 2009

  2. LABOUR MIGRATION TO CANADA • Part of Temporary Foreign Workers Program (TFWP) and according to NOC, classification C and D as low-skilled • Private initiative based, MOU between FERME and IOM • Carried out by Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Labour with technical assistance of IOM • Started 2003 in Québec with 215 workers and expanded to other 4 Canadian Provinces. In 2008: 3,313 workers • Started in agriculture and expanded to other sectors, such as poultry farms, landscaping, laundry, construction, etc.

  3. OPERATIONAL ASPECTS • Recruitment upon request of employers’ organizations, i.e. FERME, FARMS, WALI or individual employers • Recruitment criteria: • Demand of employers and special requirements for type of work • In accordance with local economy • Poverty rate • Operational cost of USD 120 is covered by tax exemption • Upfront cost for workers less USD 340 to pay before departure: USD 160 for visa, USD 75 for medex, USD 70 for airport tax, and USD 36 for medical insurance for family members in Guatemala. • No external recruitment agents involved • No recommendations accepted from any institutions or organizations

  4. PROCESS OF THE PROGRAM • Recruitment; • Processing Recruitment Form; • Handling of documents required from workers; • Payment of expenses; • Sending visa request to the Embassy of Canada; • Medical examination; • Workers requirements; • Appointment of workers according to requirements; • HRSDC Request (Work Permit); • Obtaining visas; • Briefing for travel; • Airport Assistance • Protection of workers in Canada; • Contact and evaluation after workers return; • Additional products that strengthen the Program • Remittance banking • Medical Plan for the families of workers

  5. LEGAL ASPECTS • Whole process for temporary foreign workers starts with LMO (Labour Market Opinion) • Employer has to prove that no national or permanent resident is available to carry out that work. No potentially negative impact on the level of employment. • Establishes wages, which are higher than minimum wage. • Important is that foreign workers do not lower wages and working conditions and do not displace nationals. • Regulates work hours (minimum 40 per week) and duration of contract. • Signed contracts approved by authorities (salary, deductions, social security, housing, payment of return ticket, finalization of work, etc).

  6. Baffin Island YUKON Iqaluit TERRITORY NUNAVUT NORTHWEST Hudson Strait TERRITORIES NEWFOUNDLAND Hudson & LABRADOR Bay BRITISH COLUMBIA QUEBEC 252 2,632 ALBERTA MANITOBA PRINCE EDWARD SASKATCHEWAN 165 ISLAND 6 ONTARIO 258 NOVA SCOTIA TEMPORARY WORKERS IN CANADA 2008

  7. ORIGIN OF WORKERS PET 6 HUE AV 10 13 IZ QUI 11 104 BV ZAC TOT SM 7 4 EP 10 372 Niveles de Total de Total QUET 273 CHIM Pobreza (%) Trabajadores Deptos. SOL 10 CHIQ 1,565 GUA JAL 38 Menos de 30 234 (7.1%) 1 5 SAC 234 5 SUCH 304 31 a 50 616 (18.6%) 6 RET 13 JUT 9 51 - 70 1,904 (57.5%) 7 SR 105 ESC 71 y Más 559 (16.9%) 8 197 14 TOTAL 3,313 22

  8. CONTRACTS AVERAGE ANNUAL STAY 5.6 MONTHS

  9. CONTRACT FULFILLMENT OF GUATEMALAN WORKERS IN CANADA • 93.2% of 2,255 workers fulfilled the contract in 2007. • 45% (1,015) of the workers had traveled previously and 55% (1,237) traveled for the first time. • 6.8% of the workers did not fulfill their contract due to different causes: 2.8% behavior/low productivity 1.7% health problems 1.4% family reasons 0.8% problems of adaptation 0.1% AWOL

  10. COMPARED PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF EARNINGS BY WORKERS (PERIOD 2005-2007)

  11. REMITTANCE TRANSFER MECHANISM

  12. OPTIONS OF THE PROGRAM

  13. CIRCULARITY 3,313 3,400 Growth of number of workers 3,200 Permanent old workers 3,000 2,800 Workers of previous years 2,600 1,642 New workers 2,400 2,252 2,200 2,000 1,015 1,800 1,671 1,600 1,400 1,263 1,237 1,200 523 1,000 814 800 740 668 280 537 600 324 443 388 400 215 295 269 195 203 149 200 128 117 102 129 131 100 92 80 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

  14. CIRCULARITY 3,313 3,400 New workers 3,200 Workers of previous years 3,000 2,800 2,600 1,671 50% 2,400 2,252 2,200 2,000 1,800 55% 1,237 1,600 1,400 1,263 814 1,200 1,000 50% 740 59% 800 668 537 443 600 45% 388 58% 324 400 295 269 215 203 41% 60% 195 149 200 128 117 42% 102 129 131 40% 100 92 80 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

  15. IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones E-mail: iomguatemala@iom.int Web site: http://www.oim.org.gt Working Notebooks on Migration No. 22 & 25

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