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7 th Grade Science. DO NOW. Oct 15, 2012. Video: Advantages of Asexual Reproduction (watching only up to 2min 30sec.). Vocabulary Review. Phenotype : Curly wings, white eyes, tan body. Possible Genotype : AA, rr , BB AA, rr , Bb Aa , rr , BB Aa , rr , Bb.

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  1. 7th Grade Science DO NOW Oct 15, 2012

  2. Video: Advantages of Asexual Reproduction (watching only up to 2min 30sec.)

  3. Vocabulary Review • Phenotype: • Curly wings, • white eyes, • tan body. • Possible Genotype: • AA, rr, BB • AA, rr, Bb • Aa, rr, BB • Aa, rr, Bb How is this genotype different than the others?

  4. VOCABULARY REVIEW Allele: a version of one gene Example: curly wing allele = A Example: straight wing allele = a Homozygous: having identical alleles or versions of a gene for a trait Example: Homozygous Dominant (AA) Example: Homozygous Recessive (aa) Heterozygous: having different alleles or versions of a gene for a trait Example: Heterozygous (Aa) “Homo” = Same “Hetero” = Different

  5. Investigation • Glue the investigation handouts into your composition book. • Read introduction and answer pre-lab questions Pg Pg

  6. Investigation: Sexual Reproduction 1. Each pair will get a nucleus (plastic cup) with two chromosomes (popsicle sticks). 2. Close your eyes and randomly pick one chromosome to pass down to your offspring. 3. Record the genotype and phenotype on your handout. 4. Add the traits to your fruit fly cut out and place on wall next to similar flies. 5. Repeat until you have data for 4 offspring Chromosomes Female Nucleus Male Nucleus Offspring Nucleus

  7. Investigation: Asexual Reproduction 1. Close your eyes and select both chromosomes from the female’s nucleus and place them in the offspring nucleus. 3. Record the genotype and phenotype on your handout. 4. Add the traits to your fruit fly cut out and place on wall next to similar flies. 5. Repeat until you have data for 2 offspring Female Nucleus Offspring Nucleus

  8. Investigation: Conclusion • Answer the questions below using complete sentences. • Compare the offspring made by sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. • Explain why the offspring made by sexual reproduction differ from asexual reproduction. • Imagine a virus infects both populations of offspring and kills only red eyed flies. Which population of offspring is most likely to survive: the population of sexually or asexually reproducing flies? Explain your answer. Conclusion Questions Pg 2-9

  9. Exit Ticket • How are the offspring of sexual reproduction different from the offspring of asexual reproduction?

  10. Mrs. Hibler DO NOW Oct 9, 2012

  11. Video Asexual Reproduction

  12. NOTES: Sexual and Asexual Reproduction Expectations: -Level 1 Voice -DO NOT visit any other websites during your note taking. -Stay on task

  13. TWO COLUMN NOTES Main Idea or Vocabulary on the left Details and definitions on the right

  14. Heredityis the passing of traits from parent to offspring. Heredity is responsible for how you have your mother’s eyes and your father’s smile. Along with this inherited similarity though, there is also variation, as we are not exact clones of our mothers and fathers.

  15. Offspring are the new organisms produced by one or more parents. (children, babies, young)

  16. The study of heredity in biology is called genetics.

  17. The Father of Genetics Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk who studied mathematics and science but became a gardener in a monastery.

  18. The Father of Genetics Mendel thought there was a connection between the flower color of a pea plant and the type of seed the plant produced. He began to experiment with garden peas in 1856. Mendel made careful use of experimental design to study pea plants and had the first recorded study of how traits pass from one generation to the next.

  19. Reproduction Reproduction- biological process by which new "offspring" (individual organisms) are produced from their "parents". *It is the process by which an organism produces others of its same kind.

  20. Turn to your partner and discuss the following questions: Do all organisms reproduce? Do all organisms reproduce in the same way?

  21. Asexual - one parent Sexual - two parents Types of Reproduction

  22. Asexual Reproduction: a type of reproduction in which a new organism is produced from one parent and has the same DNA or genetic material as the parent. Spider plant offspring Yeast cells dividing (budding)

  23. Asexual Reproduction • Requires only one parent • Offspring have 100% the same chromosomes as the parent. • In other words, the offspring are exact “clones”of the parent. • Mitosis • Movie

  24. Asexual Reproduction Advantages: • Animals that remain in one placeand are unable to look for mates would need to reproduce asexually. • Numerous offspring can be produced without "costing" the parent a great amount of energy or time. This type of reproduction is also faster. • Environments that are stable and experience very little change are the best places fororganisms that reproduce asexually. Disadvantages: • Lack of genetic variation - all of the organisms are genetically identical and therefore share the same weaknesses. • If the stable environment changes, the consequences could be deadly to all of the individuals. *Animals are not the only organisms that reproduce asexually. Yeasts, plants, and bacteria are capable of asexual reproduction as well.

  25. Turn to your partner and discuss 1 new fact that you just learned about asexual reproduction.

  26. Sexual reproduction: a type of reproduction in which two cells, usually an egg and a sperm, join to form a new organism with itsowngenetic identity. Plant Animal

  27. Sexual Reproduction Advantage: • Allows genetic variation ordiversity within a species which assists with the species survival Disadvantages: • Requires 2 parents • Reproduction is slower

  28. Sexual Reproduction • Most of the members of the Animal Kingdom • Fish • Mammals • Amphibians • Birds • Reptiles • Insects • Crustaceans

  29. Sexual Reproduction • Examples of organisms that reproduce sexually • Chickens • Iguanas • Lobsters • Sharks • Humans • Butterflies • Sunflowers • Roses

  30. Sexual Reproduction • Happens 2 ways • Internally (inside) • The egg is fertilized by sperm inside the female • Mammals, birds, reptiles, insects, spiders • Externally (outside) • The egg is fertilized by sperm outside the female • The female lays the eggs and then the male fertilizes them. • Fish and some amphibians • Plants and fungi (pollen and spores)

  31. Asexual ReproductionExamples

  32. Asexual Reproduction • Examples of organisms that reproduce asexually • Hydra • Sea Star • Strawberry • Eubacteria • Euglena • Paramecium • Yeast

  33. Types of Asexual Reproduction • Fragmentation Fragmentation is where a single parent breaks into parts that regenerate into whole new individuals. Ex. Planaria

  34. Types of Asexual Reproduction • Vegetative Propagation (Plant cuttings) • http://leavingbio.net/VEGETATIVEPROPAGATION.htm Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction in plants where new parts grow from parts of the parent plant. It has long been used in horticulture and agriculture. Ex. Spider Plant

  35. Types of Asexual Reproduction • Binary Fission • Bacteria • Protists Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction where every organelle is copied and the organism divides in two.

  36. Types of Asexual Reproduction • Budding • Movie Budding is where a new individual develops from an outgrowth of a parent, splits off, and lives independently.

  37. Types of Asexual Reproduction • Regeneration Regeneration occurs when a body part has broken off and the organism grows a new one. Ex. Lizard Tail *The ability to restore lost or damaged tissues, organs or limbs

  38. A whole new starfish can grow from a single arm that was cut off a starfish organism. • A planarian is a tiny flatworm that lives in ponds. If a planarian is cut into pieces, each piece will grow into a new planarian. • Yeast are one-celled organisms that produce offspring from a bulge that forms and breaks away from the parent.

  39. Exit Ticket Which offspring, sexual or asexual, are likely to have genetic variation? Which offspring will be identical?

  40. Mrs. Hibler DO NOW Oct 8, 2012

  41. DNA Extraction Lab Lab Director: Makes sure directions are being followed correctly. Materials Manager: Gets materials and returns them. Makes sure all materials are accounted for. Clean-up Manager: Assigns clean up duties as needed and does final clean check. Time Keeper: Makes sure students stay on task and watches the clock.

  42. DNA Extraction Lab When you finish the procedures, clean your area and answer the questions at your desk.

  43. Vocabulary Practice Pg 37 Independent Practice: Cloze-ing in on Science (15 minutes)

  44. SCIENCE BINGO! Fill in all of the empty spaces with one word from the back of your card. Words can be used twice, but not in the same row or column. genes alleles phenotype phenotype As you hear the definition of a word, check it off your paper. Any full horizontal, vertical, or diagonal line results in Bingo!

  45. DO NOW Oct 19, 2012 7th grade Science

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