1 / 14

PULMONARY AIR LEAK SYNDROME

PULMONARY AIR LEAK SYNDROME. RT 256. AIR LEAKS:. Pathophysiology High transpulmonary pressures applied to the lungs Alveoli overdistend and rupture Air leaks into the interstitium Gas may remain local or spread Rupture the visceral pleura and/or pulmonary hila.

valin
Download Presentation

PULMONARY AIR LEAK SYNDROME

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. PULMONARY AIR LEAK SYNDROME RT 256

  2. AIR LEAKS: Pathophysiology • High transpulmonary pressures applied to the lungs • Alveoli overdistend and rupture • Air leaks into the interstitium • Gas may remain local or spread • Rupture the visceral pleura and/or pulmonary hila

  3. - PULMONARY INTERSTITIAL EMPHYSEMA (PIE)- PNEUMOTHORAX- PNEUMOMEDIASTINUM- INTRAVASCULAR SYSTEMIC AIR EMBOLISM

  4. PULMONARY CONSEQUENCES OF AIR LEAK • Restriction from the trapped gas • Atelectasis • Inflammatory response at the site of rupture • Hypoxemia and ……..

  5. ETIOLOGY • High risk with: • Mechanical ventilation • Preterm infant • Trauma • Spontaneous manifestations may occur at any age but not very common in infant and pediatric patients

  6. PNEUMOTHORAX • Presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity • Can be life threatening • Occurs as: • Primary spontaneous • Secondary spontaneous • Traumatic • Iatrogenic • Simple or complicated (tension) • Severity of symptoms depends on extent of lung collapse

  7. PIE • Collection of gas outside the normal air passages • Rarely seen in the absence of mechanical ventilation or CPAP • Compresses adjacent lung tissue and vascular structures

  8. PNEUMOMEDIASTINUM • Spontaneous occurrence is a rare condition • Infrequently develops clinically significant complications • Tension pneumomediastinum will  cardiac output • Common symptoms: subcutaneous emphysema and neck/chest pain, cough, voice change • Associated / result of trauma, neonatal lung disease, mechanical ventilation, chest surgery

  9. MANAGEMENT • Diagnosis through transillumination of the neonate or CXR • PREVENTION! • Treatment is supportive: • Oxygenation • Bronchial hygiene • Hyperinflation • Chest tube placement • May require mechanical ventilation to support gas exchange (high frequency ventilation)

More Related