Russia vs. Kyoto. Who will benifit?

1. Russia vs. Kyoto. Who will benifit? IDL-102 Agaltsova Marina

2. Date of acceptance - December, 1997 Date of ratification - 22 October, 2004 By 2001 it was ratified by 33 industrially developed countries.

3. Kyoto Protocol (mechanisms) Join Implementation ( JI ) Clear Development Mechanism (CDM) International Emissions Trading ( IET )

4. Kyoto protocol will come into force only if itis ratified by the countries whose share in emissions was not less than 55 %in 1990

6. Kyoto protocol has no scientific substantiation Russian participation in the Kyoto will prevent adverse consequences of global climate change Russia will prove to the world community that it is ready to be a driving force in the struggle with global warming It does not concern the largest producers of harmful emissions such as the USA, China, India Ecologicalaspect: advantages disadvantages

7. Loss connection with America by signing European contract International cooperation under UNO No connection between Kyoto and Russia’s joining the WTO Entrance to WTO Absence of the real ecological contents of the protocol Politicalaspect: advantages disadvantages

8. Russia can sell unused emission quotas.The prospective sum equals $ 10 billion Russia will exceed norms on CO2, so we have to buy quotas Russia may not have quotas The protocol is the first international tool for private sector participation in the accomplishment of international obligations Russia lost potentionalbuyers, such as USA, China Economicaspect: advantages disadvantages

9. Missed opportunities...

10. The payment for the Russian ratification may be a partial writing off the Russian debt for the sum from $ 35 up to $ 50 billion . Russian quotas could serve a state guarantee for maintenance of the new credits Demand the scale investments of the EU within the framework of the projects of joint implementation. Entrance to WТО or duty-free transit in the Kaliningrad area

11. End