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Chp . 2 Population

Key Issue 2: Where has the world’s population Increased?. Chp . 2 Population. Natural Increase. 3 ways geographers frequently measure population Crude Birth Rate (CBR) Crude Death Rate (CDR) Natural Increase Rate (NIR). Natural Increase.

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Chp . 2 Population

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  1. Key Issue 2: Where has the world’s population Increased? Chp. 2 Population

  2. Natural Increase • 3 ways geographers frequently measure population • Crude Birth Rate (CBR) • Crude Death Rate (CDR) • Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

  3. Natural Increase • CBR- the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people in the society—a CBR of 20 means that for every 1,000 people in a society, 20 babies are born over a 1-year period • CDR- the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in a society • NIR- the percentage by which a population grows in a year

  4. Natural Increase • The world NIR during the early 21st century has been 1.2 • All-time peak was 2.2 in 1963 • World Population grows by roughly 80 Million people per year • Doubling time- the number of years needed to double a population • More than 95% of the natural increase is clustered in LDCs

  5. Fertility • Total Fertility Rate (TFR)- measure of the number of births in a society—average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years (roughly ages 15-49) • CBR gives us a picture of society as a whole in a year vs. TFR attempts to predict the future behavior of individual women • TFR for world is 2.6, but differs greatly between MDCs and LDCs • In many countries in sub-Saharan Africa the TFR exceeds 6.0

  6. Mortality • In addition to CDR, measured by infant mortality rate and life expectancy • Infant mortality rate- the annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age • Follows similar pattern to other measures—highest rates in LDCs (sub-Saharan Africa) and lowest rates in Europe • IMR nearly 100 (10%) in sub-Saharan Africa • IMR is really a reflection of a country’s health care system

  7. Mortality • Life expectancy at birth- measures the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current morality levels • Most favorable in MDCs/wealthy countries—Babies born today in Western Europe expected to live until almost 80, compared to 50 in sub-Saharan Africa

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