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Chem 331. Chapter 2. History of the Atom. The Greek views around 400 BC Democritus and Epicurus – atoms “uncuttable” Aristotle - 4 elements – earth, wind, fire, water
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Chem 331 Chapter 2
History of the Atom The Greek views around 400 BC Democritus and Epicurus – atoms “uncuttable” Aristotle - 4 elements – earth, wind, fire, water * All matter is composed of atoms, which are bits of matter too small to be seen. These atoms cannot be further split into smaller portions. * There is a void, which is empty space between atoms. * Atoms are completely solid. * Atoms are homogeneous, with no internal structure. * Atoms are different in size, shape and weight.
John Dalton 1808 “ . . . the ultimate particles of all homogeneous bodies are perfectly alike . . .” Atoms combine in simple ratios.
Avogadro 1811 Gases at the same temperature, pressure, and volume contain the same number of molecules.
Henri Becquerel and Marie Curie discover radioactivity in 1896
Curie’s Lab Petit, an assistant Pierre Curie Marie Curie
Rutherford 1922 Discovered proton – hydrogen stream after bombarding nitrogen gas with alpha particles Predicted neutron
Chadwick 1932 Read original paper Discovered neutron Irene Curie Joilot
Nuclear model of atom Conference on atom 1911
Other Series 1888 Rydberg manuscript Balmer 1885 series
Max Planck 1900 Blackbody radiation modeled by Introducing quantization of energy
Einstein 1905 Photoelectric effect points to quanta of light - photons
The Schrodinger Equation More good times with the Schrodinger equation Great times with quantum mechanics
Orbitals Great website for orbitals