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Think B I G !

Think B I G !. BUT… the next B I G thing is really small …. By: Orlando M. Patricio (United ISD, Laredo) Catherine Leonida (Houston ISD) Mentor: Dr. Helen (Hong) Liang with the invaluable support and assistance of Dr. Sudeep Ingole (TAMU, College Station).

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Think B I G !

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  1. Think B I G ! BUT… the next B I G thing is really small … By: Orlando M. Patricio (United ISD, Laredo) Catherine Leonida (Houston ISD) Mentor: Dr. Helen (Hong) Liang with the invaluable support and assistance of Dr. Sudeep Ingole (TAMU, College Station)

  2. Nanotechnology • Nano came from the Greek word ‘Nanos’ meaning dwarf. It refers to one-billionth of something. • Nanotechnology is the art and science of manipulating and rearranging individual atoms and molecules to create useful materials, devices and systems. • Importance • Applications

  3. Buckminster Fullerene (Buckyball) Planet Earth Soccer ball

  4. Nanotech Application in Arts Lycrugus cup with focused light Lycrugus cup with diffused light

  5. History • Feynman suggests that there is • ‘plenty of room’ to work at the • nanoscale • The word ‘nanotechnology’ • first used • IBM invent a machine which can • move single atoms around • A new form of carbon is • discovered: C60 • Langmuir discovers layers of • atoms one molecule thick

  6. Titanium Oxide Sunscreen – 65nm particles of titanium oxide are being used in new sunscreens. These particles, made by companies like Oxonica, absorb UV light for longer with significantly less free radical formation (which leads to cell damage and skin ageing) than existing sunscreens.

  7. Biomedical Applications B.D. Ratner, U. Washington

  8. Implants and Artificial Joints

  9. Artificial Knee Joint

  10. Hip Replacement

  11. Other Permanent Implants • Tendons • Pacemakers • Cochlea • Heart • Need to avoid provoking immune system • Need appropriate cell growth

  12. B. D. Ratner, U. Washington

  13. Issues Facing Nanotechnology • Hip & knee Prostheses (10-15 lifetime) • Vascular Grafts (no healing) • Heart Valves (calcification or clotting and thrombosis or closure) • Contact Lenses (discomfort and eye injury) • Dental Implants (loosening)

  14. Life Style Improvement • Enhance-Performance Surgeries - Help middle-aged patients to get back to active life style • Degenerated disk $10,000+$15,000 (replacement) /Artificial disk • “Potholed” knee $7,500→$13,500 ($50,000 lab.) Cartilage-cell transplant Ingeix, Aug. 2003, The Asian Wall Street Journal, Aug. 29-31, 2003.

  15. Interconnect Si substrate E3-Research Projects Novel sensors. New nanomanufacturing processes for nanocrystals. Surface and interface in synergetic systems. Extension of artificial joints’ lifespan. Self-repairing railroad tracks. Processes to make small chips.

  16. E3-Research Projects Sonomaterials – new process to make nanomaterials Approach: ultrasound, microscopes (opt., e-, etc.) Biomaterials – investigate failure mechanisms of chicken joints Approach: test friction and wear in biofluids, tribometer

  17. Investigation of Surface Morphology of Boron Particles Using Sonochemistry

  18. What is Boron??? Boron • Properties • Sources • Uses and Practical Applications

  19. Sonochemistry It is the creation, growth and collapse of a bubble that is formed in the liquid with the application of ultrasonic energy. • Creation of bubbles. Ultrasonic energy was used to reduce the intermolecular forces of acetone hence, enabling the creation of bubbles. • Growth of bubbles. This takes place through the diffusion of Boron in vapor form to the volume of the bubble. • Collapse of bubbles. When the bubbles reach its optimum size, they collapse and release a localized temperature up to 5000 K and raise the pressure to a few hundred atm.

  20. Experimentation • Procurement of materials: Acetone, boron powder, ultrasonic device, fume hood, syringe, 5 amples, water • Methodology: -Add water in the ultrasonic device, just enough to partially submerge a small beaker containing Boron powder with acetone. -Place the above set-up in the fume hood and allow the ultrasonic device to operate. When needed, add acetone to the beaker to prevent the solution from drying up. Take and label samples every hour until you obtain 5 samples. -Put a drop of each sample on separate slides and allow the acetone to dry up. - Mount the slides one at a time, upside down, and examine them under the microscope.

  21. Data Sample B (3hr) 1000 x Sample A (1 hr) 1000 x Sample C (5hr) 1000 x

  22. Boron (Amorphous) 1200x Sample A - Boron 1 hr 1200x Sample C - Boron 5 hr 1200x Sample B - Boron 3 hr 1200x

  23. Acknowledgment • E3 Organizing Committee ( headed by Ms. Jan Rinehart) • Dr. Helen (Hong) Liang and her graduate students • Dr. Sudeep Ingole

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