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5 scientists (CNRS, IRD, UPS) 2 Engineers CNRS 3 post-docs 4 PhD

COSY : COupled complex SYstems. 5 scientists (CNRS, IRD, UPS) 2 Engineers CNRS 3 post-docs 4 PhD. JPL, Toulouse, 23 Avril 2014. Le futur Systèmes d’upwelling de bord est : des laboratoires SOLAS naturels

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5 scientists (CNRS, IRD, UPS) 2 Engineers CNRS 3 post-docs 4 PhD

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  1. COSY : COupled complex SYstems 5 scientists (CNRS, IRD, UPS) 2 Engineers CNRS 3 post-docs 4 PhD JPL, Toulouse, 23 Avril 2014

  2. Le futur Systèmes d’upwelling de bord est : des laboratoires SOLAS naturels Boris Dewitte, Serena Illig, Aurélien Paulmier, Véronique Garçon, Isabelle Dadou, Joël Sudre, Katerina Goubanova, MarilouBachelery, Oscar Vergara, Orlando Astudillo, Mélanie Giraud Axes transverses ARIO/CHEVRE, Spatial/Mésoéchelle Collaboration Laboratoire d’Aérologie: Marc Mallet, Dominique Serça, Laurent Roblou, Cathy Liousse Rôle des structures cohérentes et de la turbulence océaniques : apport de l’analyse multi-échelle (Axe transverse Spatial/Mésoéchelle) Joël Sudre, Véronique Garçon, Boris Dewitte, Serena Illig, Isabelle Dadou, Aurélien Paulmier Vers les observatoires in situ de surveillance biogéochimique Carole Barus, David Aguilar, Aurélien Paulmier,Véronique Garçon

  3. AMOP ECLIPSE SENSEOCEAN IMPALA OCEANFLUX ICARODE ESASTAP MIACTIS EBUS-SOUTH Mid-Term Strategy SOLAS ICE : Ice, Climate, Economics ICE - STAE

  4. Difference between ocean temperature simulated by IPCC models for the present climate and temperature observed with satellites (1980-2000) SE Pacific SE Atlantic The warmest bias of IPCC models are located in the South East Atlantic and Pacific Courtesy: Katerina Goubanova

  5. Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems • -EBUS = major part of the biomass, productivity and new production in the ocean (Pauly and Christensen, 1995, Chavez and Messié, 2009), • -Important human activities (a quarter of the world fisheries) (Chavez et al., 2008), • -High variability of the physico-chemical properties of the ocean, change in the functioning and structure of their ecosystems, • -Vulnerability, especially in a global climate change context.

  6. …. SOLAS naturalplaygrounds Complex coupled biogeochemistry/dynamics Many interactions with the climate system What is net impact on Earth’s radiation budget? How are these regions changing under the multiple stressors of warming, stratification, acidification, deoxygenation, etc.? (Law et al., 2013)

  7. Present conditions in EBUS Future trends in biogeochemistry (Capone and Hutchins, 2013)

  8. ..then…. … Towards a differentapproachconsidering EBUS as integrativeregions : ocean, atmosphere, land, socio-economic dimensions…. - Peru/Chile upwelling system (LMI DISCOH2?, PALEOTRACES2) - Benguela/Namibia (LMI ICEMASA Phase 2)

  9. Climate and ocean • Large scale oceanic circulation, remote and local forcing • Climate change scenarios at regional scale over the South Eastern Pacific and around Southern Africa: • To improve climate change forecast capabilities by capturing interactions • at regional scale • Ocean-atmosphere-land interaction at regional scale and its impacts on climate • EBUS feedback mechanisms on climate (including aerosols and atmospheric chemistry..) • 2. Environmental impacts on marine ecosystems • Dynamics at submeso-scale and biogeochemistry of tracers in the EBUS: • To understand causes of variability in OMZ dynamics at various • scales (from intraseasonal to interannual and decadal),etc.. • To understand how the dynamics at sub-mesoscale (1-10 km) affects the • evolution of the biogeochemical system and the dominance of planktonic • group species in the biological compartments • Revisiting BioEBUS with atmospheric inorganic and organic inputs, coupling with WRF-Chemistry, etc…

  10. Remote sensing ESA STSE Oceanflux Modelling platform EUR-OCEANS Flagship AMOP Synthesis Bilan complet de O2 en considérant les contributions physiques (advection/diffusion) et biogéochimiques (e.g. consommation/production de O2 par les bactéries et zooplancton) Cruise IRD, LEGOS, INSU, ACI Coastal Mooring IRD, LEGOS, INSU, GEOMAR, IMARPE http://www.legos.obs-mip.fr/recherches/projets-en-cours/amop

  11. AMOP project (P.I.: A. Paulmier (LEGOS/IMARPE)) www.legos.obs-mip.fr/recherche/projet-en-cours/amop AMOP zooms (1/36°, 1/108°) c.i=0.2°C c.i=0.1°C

  12. Quelle vision ? Construire un site OceanSITES au large du Pérou (Hormigas de Afuera Islands), partie intégrante du réseau GOOS et de la Mid Term Strategy SOLAS MOIN (Minimalist OceanSITES Interdisciplinary Network), Pourquoi : Monitorer le climat régional, niveau de la mer et activité sismique (IGP Pérou) Idéalement localisé près du front côtier d’upwelling : observables météo, niveau de la mer, salinité, SST, AMOP mooring Vers un modèle régional couplé océan-atmosphère-biogéochimie validé avec observations longue durée

  13. Local forcing vs remote equatorial variability in the BUS PhD ML Bachelery Angola/Benguela: Remote (EQ Wave) versus local forcing of interannual SLA variability off Angola / Benguela in 2000-2008:  Model experimentation with ROMS (1/12°) with/without remote EQ wave forcing Sea Level Anomaly : SLA (cm) 10°W 6°E 2006 2006 2008 2000 2002 2004 2000 2002 2004 10°W Longitude(°) at 0°N 2°W 6°E 0°S K2 mode/model 50 10°S 1.00 0.75 Latitude (°) along coast correlation 20°S 0.50 Lag(days) K1 mode/model 0.25 30°S 0.00 0°S 10 2007 30°S 20°S 2001 2003 2005 10°S

  14. WRF : ● BDY : ERA-INTERIM ● Resolution 1/6° Regional Coupled OA Platform + ZOOM 1/18° (One way) ROMS-AGRIF : ● OBC : SODA ● Resolution 1/12° < --- Zoom COUPLED ---> + ZOOM 1/36° (One Way) ROMS 1/12° WRF 1/6° WRF 1/18° ROMS 1/36° SST, Surface Currents COUPLING Stress, Heat/Water fluxes Courtesy: Serena Illig

  15. - Criticalregion for « mineraldust-radiation- • South Africanregionalclimate » • - Significantsimulateddust AOD over South Africa • (up to 1 in the Visible range) • - Significant changes in the surface continental/oceanic • visible radiations (aerosolsdimmingeffect) → up to • -30/-40 W.m-2 over the upwelling region (monthly • mean) • Scientific questions : • - What are the induced changes in SST over the coastal • upwelling region ? • - Possible changes in the • oceanic-atmospheric fluxes ? • Changes in the primary • production due to dimming ? • - Possible changes in the oceanic • circulation ? Aerosolsstudies Monthly Averaged for July 2011 Courtesy : Marc Mallet

  16. Méthodes non-linéaires pour l'obtention de signaux océaniques à « super résolution » Collaboration: Géostat INRIA Bordeaux (Hussein Yahia) Obtenir un signal à « super résolution » grâce à la connaissance de ce signal à basse résolution et d’un signal différent à « super résolution » 2 applications en Océanographie : CarbonTrackerresolution 100km Combinaison des courants géostrophiques et de dérive des vents (Ekman) – 1/4° Sudre et al., lofe 2013 Inferred pCO2 : 5 km Glocolour /OSTIA

  17. Capteurs silicates et phosphates ANESIS UME (r = 7.5µm) / V = 5 mV/s 2 cm (unpublished results))

  18. Merci pour votre attention

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