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Excel Basics

Excel Basics. JKA & KY. Engineering Analysis. Engineering analysis is a systematic process for analyzing problems that arise in the various fields of engineering.

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Excel Basics

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  1. Excel Basics JKA & KY

  2. Engineering Analysis • Engineering analysis is a systematic process for analyzing problems that arise in the various fields of engineering. • As part of the problem solving process, the data collected has to be processed, analyzed and sometimes displayed graphically by using many mathematical tools that are available. • In many cases, once you have defined and set up the problem properly, numerical methods are required to solve the mathematical equations. Microsoft’s Excel spreadsheet software has many numerical procedures built directly into its program structure.

  3. Ductile Steel (low carbon) Sy – yield strength Su – fracture strength σ (stress) = Load / Area ε (strain) = (change in length) / (original length) Material Strength Standard Tensile Test Standard Specimen PDM I, SJSU

  4. Spreadsheets’ Capabilities Data Analysis Tools • Store, process, and sorts data • Graphically display data(Engineering application) • Perform statistical analysis • Fit equations to curves (Engineering application) • Solve single and system of algebraic equations (Engr. Appl.) • Solve optimization problems (Engineering application) • Draw Flow Charts

  5. formulabar menu bar currently active cell (A1) File management options worksheet tabs

  6. Entering Data into Cells (Cell Content)

  7. Copying Cells • Using icons in the ribbon menu a) Click on the Cells to be copied b) Select “Copy” on the Home toolbar c) Click on the Cells to paste the copied contents d) Select “Paste” or “Special Paste” on the Home toolbar “Fill Down” : select the cell containing the active formula and the range of cells you need to fill select “Fill” on the Home menu and choose “Down” 2.Using keyboard - Ctrl C to copy & Ctrl V to paste • “Pull Down corner” at Lower Right Corner (recommended for a range of cells) a) place the cursor on the LRC of the active cell b) Click and drag over the cell rage

  8. Relative Addressing 1.=B3+C3 adds the content of cells B3 and C3. • As the formula is copied into D4, D5 and D6, • cell addresses of the formula are incremented.

  9. Absolute Addressing • Using the absolute cell address, $B$1, will keep the cell reference constant for all calculations.

  10. Basic Math Operations

  11. Example Math syntax: 3x2 + e(-0.3x) - 10x =3*(A15^2) + EXP(-0.3*A15) - 10*A15 Excel syntax: The value of x is in cell A15 Excel Formulas • In Excel, a formula expresses dependency of one cell on others in the worksheet. • Formula entry for a Cell begins with clicking on the Cell first and then either typing the equal sign “=“ in the Cell itself or clicking on the Formula Bar, and ends with “Enter”. • A Formula can be edited by first clicking on the Cell and then editing the formula on the active Cell or on the Formula Bar. • A Formula may contain functions.

  12. 2007 version 2010 version

  13. Using Excel Built-in Functions After clicking on the Cell • Click on the “Formula Bar” (fx), follow instructions on the “Insert Function” window. Or, in the “Formulas” menu select “Insert Function“ • Follow instructions on the “Function Argument” window, e.g., select the value, or range of values for the function.

  14. Frequently Used Excel Functions

  15. Example: “My Expense Table”

  16. “My Expense Table”- Aug. Expense =SUM(B5:B10)

  17. “My Expense Table”- Aug. Expense (cont.)

  18. “Eliminating Repetition” Repeat procedure for the “Total” of each category Place cursor in the lower right corner of cell B11, “click-and-drug” along row 11 for the rest of the total of the rest of the months

  19. “My Expense Table” - Completed

  20. Insert menu 2010 version Plotting Data 2007 version

  21. 2010 version Data menu 2007 version

  22. 2010 version View menu 2007 version

  23. COUNT Function • =COUNT(X1, X2, X3…) will count the number of cells that contain numbers and the arguments in the list that are numbers. Example =COUNT(A1, A2, A3) will return 2, because of the 4 and 9. =COUNT(A1:A4) will return 3, because of the 4, 9 and 3. =COUNT(A1:A4, -17, “world”) will return 4, because of the 4, 9, 3 and -17. MAX and MIN Functions • =MAX or MIN(X1, X2, X3…) will take the maximum or minimum of the numbers in the parentheses. • =MAX or MIN(X1:X4) will take the maximum or minimum of all the numbers from X1 to X4.

  24. Example =COUNTIF(A1:A4, “>5”) will return 2, because 6 and 9 are greater than 5. =COUNTIF(A1:B4, “=6”) will return 3, because three cells in the range contain 6. COUNTIF Function • =COUNTIF(range, criteria) will count the number of cells in the range that match the criteria. Note: if the criteria consists of a relational expression, such as “>5”, it must be enclosed in double quotes.

  25. IF Logical Function • =IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false) returns the second argument if the test is true, and the third if it is false. Example =IF(A1>3, “A1 is larger than 3”, 0) would return “A1 is larger than 3”. =IF(A4>3, “A1 is larger than 3”, 0) would return 0.

  26. VLOOKUP Function • =VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_number, not_exact_match) finds the value in the top row of a table and returns the corresponding column value. • Lookup_value: The value that the function looks for in the first column. • Table_array: The table that the function looks through. • Col_index_number: The column number from which the function should return the value. • Not_exact_match: Can be either True or False. True means it will find the closest value to the lookup value. False means you only want the value returned if it is an exact match.

  27. VLOOKUP Function - Example Q R S Question: find the price for item with ID# 12 50 51 52 53 =VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_number, not_exact_match) =VLOOKUP(12, Q50:S53 ,2, FALSE) Answer = 14.33

  28. Row 1 is not in ascending order If range lookup is TRUE, the values in the first row of table array must be placed in ascending order: ...-2, -1, 0, 1, 2,... , A-Z, FALSE, TRUE; otherwise, HLOOKUP may not give the correct value. If range lookup is FALSE, table array does not need to be sorted. HLOOKUP Function - Example =HLOOKUP (12, A1:E3, 2, False) means that you are looking in the second row for the value corresponding to the value 12 in top row, and you are looking for an exact match to 12. This would return $14.33. =HLOOKUP (10, A1:E3, 2, False) means that you are looking in the second row for the value corresponding to the value 10, and you are looking for an exact match to 10. Since there is no 10 in top row, it would return #N/A. =HLOOKUP (50, A1:E3, 3, True) means that you are looking in the third row for the value corresponding to the value 50 in top row. Since there is no 50 in the top row, it returns the match corresponding to the largest value in the top row that is less than the lookup value of 52. In this case, it returns 8.

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