Prison Life - Corrections

1. Prison Life - Corrections Ch. 14

2. Total Institution • An enclosed facility, separated from society both socially and physically, where the inhabitants share all aspects of their lives daily Erving Goffman 1961 study

3. Chapter 14 Highlights Male Inmate’s World Prison Argot Inmate Types Female Inmate’s World Staff World Correctional officers Prison Riots Prisoners’ Rights Issues Facing Prisons Today Mario’s Story Prison Life

4. Mario’s Story • Who is he? • Watch his story. • Feedback… • Where is he now?

5. 1960 Gresham Sykes Sheldon Messinger 5 elements of prison code • Don’t interfere with the interests of other inmates. Never rat on a con. • Don’t lose your head. Play it cool and do your own time. • Don’t exploit inmates. Don’t steal. Don’t break your word. Be right. • Don’t whine. Be a man. • Don’t be a sucker. Don’t trust the guards or staff. Prisonization

6. Prison Argot: The Language of Confinement Matching Game C:\Examples of Prison Examples of Prison Argot

7. What type am I? 9 Prison Lifestyles and Inmate Types Mean Dude Hedonist Opportunist Retreatist Legalist Radical Colonizer Religious Realist What type am I? What type am I?

8. Prison Inmates by Gender and Ethnicity in state and federal prisons

9. Female Offenders and Institutions • Most in towns < 25,000 • Most not designed to house females • Number rising Types of Female Inmates COOL Square Ester Heffernan LIFE

10. Female Inmate’s World • Social Structure in Women’s Prison

11. The Staff World

12. Correctional Officer Main Goals • Provide security for community incarcerating those who break the law • Promote smooth & effective functioning of institution • Ensure incarceration is secure but humane • Give inmates opportunity to develop a positive lifestyle while incarcerated - employment skills

13. Hierarchy of Prison Staff

14. Profile of Correctional Personnel in Adult State and Local Correctional Facilities

15. Types of Correctional Officers Correctional officer quiz • Dictator • Friend • Merchant • Turnkey • Climber • Reformer

16. Prison Riots Kentucky Prison Riot Clip Kentucky Prison riPrison Riot Clip 1970 – 1980 = “Explosive Decade”

17. Attica Prison New York 1971 43 Deaths 80 Wounded

18. New Mexico State Penitentiary > 200 other inmates beaten and sexually assaulted Many mutilated and tortured 1980 33 inmates died Prison virtually destroyed

19. “Explosive Decade” over but still see violence Atlanta, GA Federal Penitentiary 11 Days - 1987 Cuban and American prisoners seized control of the maximum security facility and took more than 100 federal prison staff members hostage.

20. Oakdale, LouisianaFederal Detention Center 1993 Similar to Atlanta But less intense Dissatisfaction of Cuban Inmates

21. Causes of Riots Insensitive prison admin. and neglected inmates’ demands Lifestyles most inmates are familiar with on the streets Dehumanizing prison conditions To regulate inmate society and redistribute power balances among inmate groups “Power vacuums” created by changes in prison admin., transfer of influential inmates

22. Increase in Gangs in Texas Perhaps due to ending Building Tenders Power Vacuum Building Tenders Tough inmates who were given almost free rein by prison administrators in keeping other inmates in line, especially in many of the stat’s worst prisons

23. Stages in Riots • Explosion • Organization into inmate-led groups • Confrontation with authority • Termination through negotiation or physical confrontation • Reaction and explanation, usually by investigative commissions

24. Prisoners’ Rights 1974 Pell v. Procunier Inmate Rights

25. Issues facing prisons today • AIDS • Geriatric Offenders • Mentally Ill

26. Procunier v. Martinez 1932 1s t ammendment rights Visitations Censoring Mail