MUHAMMADIYAH IN POLITIC

1. MUHAMMADIYAH IN POLITIC MEMBERS: EKA YULIANI ASMARA FETI RACHMAWATI FRISKA ARISMAYANG SAFIATUR ROKHMAH SUNG ING KUG

2. Aim of the study Purpose: Understanding the political developments, and it’s role in the Islamic Organization Muhammadiyah for the society

3. Historical Bcakground According Drs.H.Sutrisno Muhdam ​​, Muhammadiyah isn’t a political organization , and none were engaged in practical politics and not affiliated with any of the existing social and political forces . This makes Muhammadiyah attempts to exist and seems to have been agreed and are believed , by both government and society , as a social religious movement and not a political organization . Muhammadiyah even be a pioneer in the use of modern methods in improving the welfare and quality of the nation

4. In carrying out the movement, Muhammadiyah realize it’s never static: it changes continuously without stopping, mainly due to the development of science and technology that characterize modern society. In this context Din Syamsuddin said:"Presumably Muhammadiyah need to develop various forms and typologies mission with emphasizes on: First, the utilization of mass media Second, the development of a significant political role Muhammadiyah's involvement in politics here as early as possible should be explained that the purpose is not political in the sense of practical politics

5. The development of muhammadiyah Khittah: the propaganda amarmaruf in the sense of doing good and avoiding doing wrong, Muhammadiyah has to prove theoretically conceptual , operational and concrete are real , that Islam is able to organize the community in the State Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution to be a fair and prosperous society and a prosperous , happy , material and spiritual that diridlai Allah SWT.

6. At the time of the Liberal Democracy lasted between 1945 to 1959 , Muhammadiyah relations with political parties seemed very close . When the government announced the establishment of political parties on 3 November 1945 , co-founded Muhammadiyah Masjumi through Indonesian Islamic Conference , 7-8 November 1945 , in which a member of Muhammadiyah special first political party the Muslim Ummah . During the period 1945 to 1959 , we see a 50 % membership Masjumi is Muhammadiyah cadres . And during that time anyway , many Muhammadiyah cadres are placed in the cabinet Hatta , Sahrir , Wilopo , Sukiman , Amir Syarifuddin , BurhanuddinHarahap , Ali I, Juanda , until Ali II .

7. During the New Order , a change pursed . Development paradigm that emphasizes economic development rather than political , impact on the simplification of the socio-political organization ( more specifically political party ) . Unfortunately , this step a lot of implications for the marginalization of the role of political parties in the development process . Institutionally , Muhammadiyah has nothing to do with political parties at this time . But the impact of the political situation for the Muhammadiyah ( and also against Muslims in general ) is the lack of a strong emotional bond with any political party .

8. While some Muhammadiyah cadres who have the talent and the opportunity for political practice , are welcome to join the PPP , Golkar , and PDI . This situation gave birth to the commitment of Muhammadiyah as a big tent kulturalyang expected to keep a distance with all political parties while protecting the politicians who exist everywhere . In the reform era , an important political role Muhammadiyah showed significant courage along with large current people's desire to restore the political potential of the Indonesian nation . This is where maturation occurs and implementation of amar kindness and forbidding the evil in the political aspect has been discussed quite a long time in the New Order .

9. At trial Tanwir Semarang 1998 ( a year after the fall of the New Order regime ) , Muhammadiyah chance to be a very big political parties . But apparently the decision is very mature Tanwir Assembly , stating that Muhammadiyah is not going to be a political party . Muhammadiyah members are welcome to set up a political party or join an existing party , and institutionally there is no relationship between any parties with Muhammadiyah .

10. THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF MUHAMMADIYAH IN POLITIC

11. Muhammadiyah political achievement has never reached the height of its social achievements in the field of education and social welfare. With political and even financial support from the government, Muhammadiyah has successfully expanded its core social and religious business in education and healthcare.

12. First, as a movement Muhammadiyah Da'wah and Education is still at the stage of expansion in quantity, so do not touch the political aspect. Second, the political climate is less conducive orba to express ideas directly related to political decisions especially on issues such as succession. Third, related to the second, political parties can not fully represent the ideas of the people.

13. Indeed, Muhammadiyah is not directly involved in practical politics in Indonesia. However, indirectly Muhammadiyah ideas have influenced the policies of the State of Indonesia and even the State's inception until now. Since the proclamation of Indonesia's independence by the end of the era of liberal democracy, there are 18 cabinet in the government of Indonesia. in each cabinet that has contributed 4 cabinet except in the Cabinet Amir I, the Cabinet of the RI Emergency, Susanto, and Ali I. This is where the political manifesto of Muhammadiyah started there, although it indirectly.

14. CHALLENGES

15. The transitional democracy of Indonesian politics, moreover, has somewhat discredited the political position of Muhammadiyah, which for years has enjoyed political privileges. This has been illustrated by the under-achievement of the National Mandate Party (PAN) and the failed political experiment of the National Sun Party (PMB) in the 2009 legislative election.

16. Increasingly dominant orthodox Islamic cultural traditions are by no means in line with the puritan ideology of Muhammadiyah. This is related to growing intolerance and attacks of minority religious groups perceived as heretical, such as the Shia and Ahmadis. It has been beyond the official policy of Muhammadiyah to determine if religious groups are heretical or to condone acts of violence against their followers or other religious groups outside Islam. Muhammadiyah, however, does deem certain ideas and activities as heresies that must be avoided by its members. Unsurprisingly, the policy has been unpopular among Indonesian Muslims, who perceive it as a display of Muhammadiyah’s cowardice, weaknesses and a defiance of its long-held puritan Islamic ideology. As the result, Muhammadiyah is facing a loss of public confidence.

17. CONCLUSIONIn politics Muhammadiyah trying accordance with its khittah : the propaganda amar ma in the sense of doing good and avoiding wrongdoing and truthfully proportions , Muhammadiyah has to prove theoretically conceptual , operational and concrete are real , that Islam is able to organize the community in the State Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution to be a fair and prosperous society and a prosperous , happy , material and spiritual that diridlai/ blessed by Allah SWT .