25 Years of AIDS – The Global Response

1. 25 Years of AIDS – The Global Response 16 August 2006 XVI International AIDS Conference Toronto

2. Global HIV prevalence in adults, 1985 UNAIDS/WHO, 2006

3. Global HIV prevalence in adults, 1995 UNAIDS/WHO, 2006

4. Global HIV prevalence in adults, 2005 UNAIDS/WHO, 2006

5. 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 25 years of responding to AIDS First cases of unusual immune deficiency are identified among gay men in the USA, and a new deadly disease noticed In 1991-1993, HIV prevalence in Uganda and in Thailand begins to decrease, the first major downturn in the epidemic in developing countries The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria launched The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is identified as the cause of AIDS The UN General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS WHO and UNAIDS launch the "3 x 5" initiative with the goal of reaching 3 million people in developing world with antiretroviral therapy by 2005 Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment launched Global Network of People living with HIV/AIDS (GNP+) (then International Steering Committee of People Living with HIV/AIDS) founded Millions The World Health Organization launches the Global Programme on AIDS Brazil becomes the first developing country to provide antiretroviral therapy through its public health system The first HIV antibody test becomes available Scientists develop the first treatment regimen to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV President Bush announces PEPFAR Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is defined for the first time International AIDS Conference in Durban The first therapy for AIDS — zidovudine, or AZT — is approved for use in the USA UNAIDS is created Drug Access Initiative is launched in Africa In Africa, a heterosexual AIDS epidemic is revealed 1980 ‘81 ‘82 ‘83 ‘84 ‘85 ‘86 ‘87 ‘88 ‘89 ‘90 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 2005 Children orphaned by AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa People living with HIV 2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006)

7. Projet SIDA

8. 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 25 years of responding to AIDS First cases of unusual immune deficiency are identified among gay men in the USA, and a new deadly disease noticed In 1991-1993, HIV prevalence in Uganda and in Thailand begins to decrease, the first major downturn in the epidemic in developing countries The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria launched The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is identified as the cause of AIDS The UN General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS WHO and UNAIDS launch the "3 x 5" initiative with the goal of reaching 3 million people in developing world with antiretroviral therapy by 2005 Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment launched Global Network of People living with HIV/AIDS (GNP+) (then International Steering Committee of People Living with HIV/AIDS) founded Millions The World Health Organization launches the Global Programme on AIDS Brazil becomes the first developing country to provide antiretroviral therapy through its public health system The first HIV antibody test becomes available Scientists develop the first treatment regimen to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV President Bush announces PEPFAR Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is defined for the first time International AIDS Conference in Durban The first therapy for AIDS — zidovudine, or AZT — is approved for use in the USA UNAIDS is created Drug Access Initiative is launched in Africa In Africa, a heterosexual AIDS epidemic is revealed 1980 ‘81 ‘82 ‘83 ‘84 ‘85 ‘86 ‘87 ‘88 ‘89 ‘90 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 2005 Children orphaned by AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa People living with HIV 2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006)

9. 9000 8000 7000 US$ million 6000 5000 4000 PEPFAR 3000 2000 1000 0 Total annual resources available for AIDS 1986‒2005 8297 Signing of Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS, UNGASS World Bank MAP launch UNAIDS Less than US$ 1 million 1623 Global Fund 292 257 212 59 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Notes: [1] 1986-2000 figures are for international funds only [2] Domestic funds are included from 2001 onwards [i] 1996-2005 data: Extracted from 2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006) [ii] 1986-1993 data: AIDS in the World II. Edited by Jonathan Mann and Daniel J. M. Tarantola (1996)

10. 40 35 30 25 Median HIV prevalence (%) 20 15 10 5 0 1997‒ 1998 1999‒ 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Zimbabwe Kenya Burkina Faso Uganda HIV prevalence (%) among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in sub-Saharan countries with prevalence decline, 1997/98‒2004 2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006)

11. North Africa and the Middle East Europe and Central Asia East, South and South-East Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Sub-Saharan Africa Number of people on antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries, 2002‒2005 1400 1200 1000 People receiving therapy (thousands) 800 600 400 200 0 End 2002 Mid- 2003 End 2003 Mid- 2004 End 2004 Mid- 2005 End 2005 2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006)

12. Planning and acting for success: • Leadership • Funding • Making the money work • Social change: Tackle the structural drivers of the epidemic • Research & Development

13. Maintaining the exceptionality of AIDS – but at the core of development agendas not outside