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Monroe’s Presidency

Monroe’s Presidency. UP CLOSE AND PERSONAL Born in Virginia in 1758 Attended the College of William and Mary Fought with Continental Army Practiced law in Virginia Elected United States Senator Helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase

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Monroe’s Presidency

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  1. Monroe’s Presidency

  2. UP CLOSE AND PERSONAL • Born in Virginia in 1758 • Attended the College of William and Mary • Fought with Continental Army • Practiced law in Virginia • Elected United States Senator • Helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase • Elected President in 1816 and served from 1817 to 1825 • Era of Good Feelings

  3. Westward Expansion • A series of treaties were signed in order to ensure the expansion of the United States:

  4. Rush-Bagot Agreement • Treaty with Great Britain • Shared Oregon Territory for 10 years • Set the northern limits of the Louisiana Territory at the 49th parallel • US agreed to cede land above 49th parallel • GB agreed to cede land below 49th parallel

  5. Adams-Onis Treaty (1818) • Spain: • Turned over western Florida along with all to the east • Gave up claims in the Oregon Territory to the U.S. • US agreed • to pay $5 million to Spain • to give up any territorial claims to Texas

  6. MONROE DOCTRINE • Monroe felt that he had to respond to the threat that European countries might try to win back their former Latin American colonies. • Thus, Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, Monroe Doctrine. • Monroe told Europe: You stay out of the West, and we’ll stay out of your squabbles. • The doctrine also claimed America’s right to intervene anywhere in its own hemisphere, if it felt its security was threatened • This was a policy of mutual noninterference

  7. No European country tried to intercede in the Americas following the Monroe Doctrine, so it appeared to work. • In reality, no one was afraid of the American military; Spain, France and others stayed out of the Western Hemisphere because the powerful British navy made sure they did.

  8. ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS1817 TO 1825 • Spirit of Nationalism in US • patriotism or national oneness • Country is united, confident, and growing • 1791-1819, 9 states joined the original 13. • One political party---Republican party • Respect from Europe • Monroe first president to visit all states. • Boston newspaper declared an “Era of Good Feelings” had began. • But, time period was not free of problems.

  9. Not so good in the era of good feelings? • Problems: • There was an economic depression • The country was dividing into three parts • Issue of slavery threatened the nation

  10. SECTIONALISM U.S. was becoming divided into 3 separate sections with each trying to promote their self-interest. • WEST • Frontier agricultureHenry Clay • ______________ • Supported internal improvements and American System. • Wanted cheap land • Loyal to the U.S. Govt. • Against slavery but some supported letting the people decide the slavery issue • SOUTH • Cotton-growingJohn C. Calhoun • _______________ • Opposed tariffs and government spending on American System • Increasingly supportive of states’ rights • Pro-slavery and opposed any steps of the U.S. Govt. to try and abolish it. • NORTHEAST • Business and ManufacturingDaniel Webster_______________ • Wanted Tariffs • Backed internal improvements • End to cheap public land • Increasingly nationalistic • Against Slavery and believed the U.S. Govt. must abolish it. EconomyLeader ____________ Role ofGovernment

  11. The new period of expansion also resulted in a national debate over slavery • In 1820, the Union consisted of 22 states • 11 allowed slavery, 11 prohibited it • When Missouri applied for statehood, it threatened the balance of power between the slave & non-slave states

  12. MISSOURI COMPROMISE • After months of heated debate in Congress, Henry Clay won majority support for 3 bills that represented a compromise

  13. The Missouri Compromise was created to appease both sides • (1) Admit Missouri as a slave state • (2) Carve off a piece of Massachusetts, called it Maine, & admitted Maine as a free state • (3) Establish the southern border of Missouri as the northernmost point in which slavery would then be allowed in the western territories of the US

  14. The compromise was the first in a series of measures forestalling the Civil War. It also split the powerful Democratic-Republican coalition, ending its 20-year control of national politics

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