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F-22. B-2. Particle Technology. Nano Hydrogels. Porous Particles. Increasing Crosslinker. +. +. +. +. +. +. Increasing Charge. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +. +.
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Particle Technology NanoHydrogels Porous Particles Increasing Crosslinker + + + + + + Increasing Charge + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Vent CO2 2VP/ Sty Add CO2 MMA microvoid DeSimone et. al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 15198-15207
Goretex Open pore structure maintained aftercoating due to excellent wetting leadingto conformal coating
Pt-free Electrode Science2008, 321, 671
Balloon Angioplasty Balloon Angioplasty without stent Balloon Angioplasty with stent From http://www.Angioplasty.org
Materials Biopolymers Carbon Nanotubes Polymer fibers: stronger than steel! Packaging Lubricants
What is polymer science? • Chemistry • Organic • Inorganic • Physical • Analytical • Biochemistry • Pharmacology • Theoretical • Physics • Static • Dynamic • Engineering / Material Science • Transport • Reaction engineering • Separations • Rheology • Fracture mechanics • Composites • Etc.
What is polymer science? • Derivation poly - meros “many” - “parts” • Polymerization
Classifications InorganicNatural Synthetic OrganicNatural Synthetic Clays Sand tc. Silicones Silanes Phosphazenes etc. Polysaccharides (Carbohydrates) Proteins DNA Natural Rubber Silk etc. Polyolefins Polyesters Polyurethanes Nylons etc.
Economics • 53 billion pounds of synthetic polymers produced annually (1989) • 200 lbs / person / year • 1991 : 63 billion pounds • 1995 : 76 billion pounds • 2000 : 103.1 billion pounds • 60% of all chemists directly involved with polymers • Contributes positively to the trade imbalance
Petrochemical Industry • The petrochemical industry is 90% based on 7 raw materials • The Basic Seven
Top Ten HDPE Capacities in the US (2002) Millions of Pounds
Post 9/11 Security Issues • Potential financial impact of terrorism on the US Chemical Industry • Interdependencies…
Polymer Parameters • Chemical structure • Chemical composition and distribution • Sequence length and distribution • Molecular weight and distribution • Chain isomerism • Topology • Morphology • Additives • Cost