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Pre-Phanerozoic Life

Pre-Phanerozoic Life. Origin of Life on Earth (= biopoesis ; 4.0 - 3.8 Ga) Advent of photosynthesis (3.8 - 3.5 Ga) Aerobic (Oxygen-based) Respiration (3-2 Ga) Eukaryotes / Endosymbiosis (2.1-1.6 Ga) Sex / Death (1.2 - 1 Ga) Multicellular Life (1,000 - 800 MYA)

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Pre-Phanerozoic Life

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  1. Pre-Phanerozoic Life • Origin of Life on Earth (= biopoesis; 4.0 - 3.8 Ga) • Advent of photosynthesis (3.8 - 3.5 Ga) • Aerobic (Oxygen-based) Respiration (3-2 Ga) • Eukaryotes / Endosymbiosis (2.1-1.6 Ga) • Sex / Death (1.2 - 1 Ga) • Multicellular Life (1,000 - 800 MYA) • Hard Part Skeletons & Shells (600 MYA) Michael A. Gibson TennMaps 2007

  2. Origin of life on Earth = Biopoesis Stromatolites– Cyanobacterial/microbial communities; 1st occurrence in Archean, dominates Proterozoic Eons

  3. Organic Compound Formation:Amino Acid Formation: Where? 1. “Warm Pond” 2. Hydrothermal Vents 3. Space (Panspermia)

  4. Isua Supergroup Oldest Evidence of Life: not fossils, but organic byproducts Isua Supergroup Greenland (3.8 Ga)

  5. Oldest Fossils:Apex Chert, Australia(3.5 Ga)

  6. ApexChert Fossils(3.5 Ga) Filamentous Bacteria

  7. 1st Photosynthetic Organisms:Cyanobacteria from Apex Chert 3.5 Ga (Archean) Cyanobacteria from Apex Chert

  8. Formed Stromatolites

  9. StromatolitesMats of Cyanobacteria

  10. North Pole, Australia Stromatolite (3.5 Ga)

  11. 1.9 Ga (Proterozoic) Gunflint Formation, Canada

  12. What is Evidence of O2 Increase? BIF’s= Earth Started to Rust

  13. Eukaryotes & Endosymbiosis Chuaria circularis 800 Mya Fossil Acritarch 1st Appear 1.6 Ga Tawuia dalensis

  14. 2.1 Ga Oldest EukaryoteGrypania spiralis 1.3 Ga

  15. Endosymbiosis Free-living Prokayote Bacteria Bacteria: Future Mitochondria Primitive Eukaryote Nucleus

  16. Prokayotes Endosymbiosis Sequence Cyanobacteria Bacteria Primitive Eukaryote Mitochondria Chloroplast Modern Eukaryote Nucleus

  17. Evidence for Endosymbiosis • Evidence • Double Membrane • DNA & Ribosomes (simplified) • Genetic Sequencing Eukaryote Chloroplast Mitochondria Nucleus

  18. Endosymbiosis Today Coral Polyps Zooxanthellae Note:Evolution involves Mergers…Some traits come “Prepackaged”

  19. Multicellular Animal Embryos Doushantuo Formation, China Fossil Embryo from Neoproterozoic

  20. Ediacara Hills, Australia Dickinsonia

  21. Ediacaran Fauna Spriggina floundersi

  22. Ediacaran Seafloor

  23. Hard Part Formation:Skeletons and Shells Small Shelly Fossils(SSF’s) Tommotian Fauna CaPO4

  24. Cambrian Explosion

  25. Summary Timing of Life on Earth 1st Photosynthesis & Stromatolites Today 4.6 Ga Single Celled Life Only No Life Multi-Celled Life 1st Sex 1st Eukaryotes O2 RevolutionAerobic Respiration

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