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Hydroformylation

Hydroformylation. Otto Roelen (1897-1993). * Largest homogeneous catalytic process * > 15 billion pounds of aldehydes (alcohols) per year Commercial catalysts are complexes of Co or Rh Selectivity to linear (normal) aldehyde important.

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Hydroformylation

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  1. Hydroformylation Otto Roelen (1897-1993) *Largest homogeneous catalytic process * > 15 billion pounds of aldehydes (alcohols) per year • Commercial catalysts are complexes of Co or Rh • Selectivity to linear (normal) aldehyde important

  2. HCo(CO)4Catalyst System – Unmodified Co

  3. HCo(CO)4(PR3) Catalyst System – Phosphine Modified Lynn Slaugh and Richard Mullineaux; Shell Chemical Co.

  4. Table 1. Hydroformylation of 1-hexene using Co2(CO)8/2P as catalyst precursor. 160°C, 70 atm, 1.2:1 H2/CO

  5. HRh(CO)(PR3)2 Catalyst System

  6. Need for Excess PhosphineLigand

  7. [rac-Rh2H2(m-CO)2(et,ph-P4)]2+ Catalyst System

  8. [rac-Rh2H2(m-CO)2(et,ph-P4)]2+ Catalyst Fragmentation strong acid in H2O, MeOH similar to HCl !! HCo(CO)4 H+ + [Co(CO)4]-

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