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Ethernet Advanced

Ethernet Advanced. Chapter 5. Chapter Objectives. Explain 10Base-T network Explain 10Base-FL Explain the 5-4-3 rule Identify different types of High Speed Ethernet standards. Recall. IEEE 802 standard is used for networking

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Ethernet Advanced

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  1. Ethernet Advanced Chapter 5

  2. Chapter Objectives • Explain 10Base-T network • Explain 10Base-FL • Explain the 5-4-3 rule • Identify different types of High Speed Ethernet standards

  3. Recall • IEEE 802 standard is used for networking • 802.3 defines physical layer and datalink layer standard that uses wired connection • 10Base-5, 10Base-2, 10Base-T and 10Base-F are the types of Ethernet cabling system • Hubs, bridges and routers are used to extend network

  4. Introduction to Advanced Ethernet • Ethernet is most widely used network technology • Introduced by IEEE 802.3 • Ethernet systems are 10Base-T and 10Base-FL • High speed Ethernet includes • 100Base Ethernet • Gigabit Ethernet • Switched Ethernet • Full Duplex Ethernet

  5. Features of Advanced Ethernet • Advanced Ethernet would use a physical star to match the robustness of Token ring • It would not use more expensive coaxial cables and adopt inexpensive UTP cabling • It would use the same frame types and speeds of the older Ethernets so that new Ethernets will be compatible with older ones

  6. 10BASE-T - I • Ethernet standard known as twisted pair Ethernet • Uses a star bus topology • Stations are connected to a hub using pairs of twisted cables • Features: • Failure of one system does not affect entire network • Easy troubleshooting • Addition and removal of device does not affect network

  7. 10BASE-T Topology • It uses a physical star topology in which each node connects to a central hub • The hub is a multiport repeater. It receives the signal from one port, regenerates it and passes the signal to all the other ports

  8. Meaning of 10BASE-T • 10 refer to 10 Mbps transmission speed, Base is for baseband signaling and T stands for twisted pair cable

  9. 10Base T Specifications and Limitations • Specifications include: • Fault Tolerant • Easy Troubleshooting • Easy Moves and Changes • Limitations include: • Distance • Sensitive to noise • Number of computers connected

  10. 10BASE-FL • Ethernet standard that operates over fiber optic cable and covers a distance up to 2 k.m. • Multimode fiber and Straight Tip (ST) connector are used to build 10Base-FL segment

  11. 5-4-3 Rule - I • Developed to limit the size of an Ethernet collision domain. • Implemented by Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) for number of repeaters and segments on shared access • The rule states that: Any two nodes in the network should not be separated by more than 5 segments, 4 repeaters and 3 populated segments

  12. 5-4-3 Rule - II • Categories of physical segments: • User segments used to connect the systems in the network. These segments are also known as populated segments. • Link segments used to connect repeaters in the network. These segments are also known as unpopulated segments.

  13. Network using 5-4-3 rule • 5 – Specifies that maximum 5 segments can be used in the network • 4 – Specifies the number of repeaters/concentrators used to connect the network segments • 3 – Specifies the number of populated segments

  14. High Speed Ethernet • Developed to increase connectivity speed between the terminals or computers in a network.

  15. Supports data transfer rate up to 100 Mbps Also called as Fast Ethernet Makes use of CAT 5 cable and fiber cable 100Base Ethernet

  16. Advantages and Disadvantages • Advantages • Speed – Ten times faster than regular 10Base-T network • Throughput – Faster for video, multimedia, graphics, Internet surfing and other applications that require high speed • Disadvantages • Mode of data transfer – 100Base-T4 Ethernet cannot support full duplex mode of data transfer • Wiring – 100Base-T4 requires four pair of wiring for data transfer

  17. Gigabit Ethernet • Supports data transfer rate up to 1000 Mbit/s • Also called as 1000BASE-T Ethernet

  18. Was developed by IEEE 802.3ae in 2002. Supports data transfer rate that is ten times faster than Gigabit ethernet Compatible with Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Supports segment length up to 40 Kms Uses Media Access Control (MAC) protocol Uses full-duplex mode of transmission and mostly run on fiber 10-Gigabit Ethernet - I

  19. Standards included: 10GBASE-CX4 10GBASE-T 10GBASE-SR (Short Range) 10GBASE-LRM (Long Reach Multimode) 10GBASE-LR (Long Range) 10GBASE-ER (Extended Range) 10GBASE-LX4 10-Gigabit Ethernet - II

  20. Switched Ethernet • Employs a switch instead of a repeater or an Ethernet hub to connect individual hosts or segments • Uses three types of switching: • Cut-through • Store and forward • Fragment-free

  21. Basic Structure of Switched Ethernet

  22. Full-Duplex Ethernet • Devices at both ends can send and receive data at the same time • Provides twice the bandwidth of normal (half duplex) Ethernet • Each pairs of wires acts as a separate channel and allows the devices at each end to communicate with one another in full duplex mode

  23. Case Study The MoneyMaker bank has recently upgraded its Ethernet network from 10Base-T to 100Base-T network. It has also changed its cabling from CAT5 to CAT6 straight through cables and 10 Mbps NIC cards are replaced with 10/100 Mbps for future compatibility. After upgradation, some computers in the accounts department of the bank are facing the slower connectivity problems.

  24. Problem Identifying problem related to cabling and crimping of RJ-45 jack for new CAT6 cables.

  25. Suggested Solution Check the crimping of RJ-45 connector and configure the NIC to operate in 100 Base full duplex mode.

  26. Summary - I • The Standard Ethernet implementations are 10Base-T and 10Base-F • 10Base-T is also known as twisted pair Ethernet and uses UTP cables • 10Base-T uses star topology and hub is used as networking device • 10Base-FL is a version of 10Base-F that uses fiber optic link instead of twisted pair cable

  27. Summary - II • IEEE 802.3 implements 5-4-3 rule to limit the size of an Ethernet collision domain • High speed Ethernet was developed to increase the connectivity speed between computers in a network • The various high speed Ethernet standards are Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and 10Gigabit Ethernet • 100Base-T is also referred as Fast Ethernet that supports data transfer rate up to 100Mbps

  28. Summary - II • Gigabit Ethernet supports data transfer rate up to 1000Mbps • 10Gigabit Ethernet supports data transfer rate up to 10 times that of Gigabit Ethernet • Switched Ethernet implements of three types of switching Cut-through switches, Store and forward switches and fragment free switches • A Full Duplex Ethernet provides twice the bandwidth of normal (half duplex) Ethernet

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