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Causes of the French Revolution

Causes of the French Revolution. Learning Target: Describe the factors, that led to the French Revolution. What were the causes?. Three estates Unfair tax system Social inequality. Nobility 2 % of Pop Owned 25% of land Held all govt. and military positions Paid no taxes

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Causes of the French Revolution

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  1. Causes of the French Revolution Learning Target: Describe the factors, that led to the French Revolution

  2. What were the causes? • Three estates • Unfair tax system • Social inequality Nobility 2% of Pop Owned 25% of land Held all govt. and military positions Paid no taxes Received Feudal Dues Catholic Clergy 1% of Pop. Owned 5-10% of Land Received 10% Tithe Paid no taxes 1st2nd Estate Estate 3rdEstate Bourgeoisie Artisans Peasants 97% of Population Paid all of the taxes No Voice in Government Inspired by Enlightenment Ideas

  3. The Three Estates

  4. What were the causes? 2. Enlightenment Ideas/American Rev. • Belief all men should have natural rights • Right to overthrow an unjust gov’t • Equality for all • American Revolution • Dec. of Independence • Constitution

  5. What were the causes? 3. King Louis XVI’s Weak Leadership • 19 years old • Indecisive

  6. What were the causes 4. Economic Problems • Wars: 7 Years War/French & Indian, American Revolution • Louis XVI lifestyle Economic Depression • Crop failures • Unemployment

  7. Which of the following is not a cause of the French Revolution? • Unfair class system • Unfair taxes • Ignoring the Magna Carta • Expenses from the American Revolution • Excessive spending by the King

  8. France’s Situation • France’s Government is in extreme debt. Half of France’s debt is contributed to war, especially money owed for helping the US gain independence. The Government is near bankruptcy and the banks are refusing to lend money to the troubled country. • Recent crop failures have caused a shortage in food, making famine a real possibility. Yet the newspapers publish stories about King Louis’ lash parties and his wife’s extreme spending habits. Assuming the role you were assigned yesterday, what would you do to solve the problems in France?

  9. King Called the Estates General to “convince” the 1st and 2nd Estate to pay taxes

  10. What is the Estates General? • Legislative body, similar to parliament • Had not met since 1614 ( 179 years!) • Made up of members from all 3 Estates • Each Estate has one Vote

  11. Estates General Voting • Each estate only received one vote 1 VoteFirst Estate Clergy 1 Vote Second Estate NoblesThird Estate 1 Vote Commoners

  12. Estates General Situation • . The Estates General has members from each Estate but each only has one vote regardless of the population. The Nobles and the clergy plan to force the third estate to pay even more taxes so they don’t have to. 2 votes against 1 • Is there another alternative?

  13. Another Solution • 300 Members 1st Estate • 300 Members 2nd Estate • 648 Members 3rd Estate 1 Vote per Representative

  14. Third Estate outvoted - what should they do? • Established the National Assembly – a new legislative body • One vote per representative • Members of the 3rd Estate, later joined by other estates • Pledged the Tennis Court Oath • Marks the beginning of the Moderate Phase of the Revolution

  15. What is the Tennis Court Oath? • National Assembly’s pledge to write a new constitution making France a ____________________

  16. The Tennis Court Oath was when: A. Robespierre vowed to form a republic in France B. The 3rd estate vowed to make a constitution C. The National Assembly issued a document giving equal rights to men D. Napoleon vowed to blockade England until it suffered

  17. What was the Spark? • King Mobilized Troops • 3rd Estate feared King would dissolve the National Assembly • The Spark: The Bastille is stormed

  18. What is the Storming of The Bastille? • Bastille – a prison where weapons and prisoners were held • A mob charged the prison to steal weapons and free 7 prisoners • 97 rioters killed • Symbol of French Independence • July 14, 1789

  19. Which of the following events is the symbolic beginning of the French Revolution? A. Creation of the National Assembly B. Tennis Court Oath C. Storming of the Bastille D. March on Versailles

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