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Peran Iptek dan Inovasi dalam pembangunan Industri Nasional

Peran Iptek dan Inovasi dalam pembangunan Industri Nasional. Pendayagunaan hasi Litbang Perguruan Tinggi dan Lembaga Riset lainnya bagi Pengembangan Industri. Muljowidodo Kartidjo. Jatinangor, 1 Mei 2013. Materi Presentasi. 1. Indonesia diperhitungkan akan menjadi negara makmur.

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Peran Iptek dan Inovasi dalam pembangunan Industri Nasional

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  1. Peran Iptek dan Inovasi dalam pembangunan Industri Nasional Pendayagunaan hasi Litbang Perguruan Tinggi dan Lembaga Riset lainnya bagi Pengembangan Industri • Muljowidodo Kartidjo • Jatinangor, 1 Mei 2013

  2. Materi Presentasi 1 • Indonesia diperhitungkan akan menjadi negara makmur • Transformasi bentuk industri pada pengembangan ekonomi 2 Bagian A 3 • Development Pattern dan Development Mechanism • Beberapa Contoh Development Mechanism 4 • Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia 5 Bagian B • Komite Ekonomi Nasional (KEN) 5a • Negara Kesejahteraan (Golkar) 5b • Konsep pengembangan Knowledge-based Industry 6 Bagian C • Konsep pembangunan industri Indonesia jangka panjang 7 • Peran ITB dalam pengembangan ekonomi jangka panjang Bagian D 8

  3. 1). Iptek (Science & Technology) 2). Inovasi (Innovation) Sciencemenurut Merriam-Webster such knowledge or such a system of knowledge concerned with the physical world and its phenomena Technology menurut Merriam-Webster the practicall application of knowledge especially in a particular area  Beberapa kata kunci Engineeringmenurut Merriam-Webster the application of science and mathematics by which the properties of matter and the sources of energy in nature are made useful to people Innovation menurut Merriam-Webster 1: the introduction of something new2: a new idea, method, or device

  4. Materi Presentasi 1 • Indonesia diperhitungkan akan menjadi negara makmur • Transformasi bentuk industri pada pengembangan ekonomi 2 Bagian A 3 • Development Pattern dan Development Mechanism • Beberapa Contoh Development Mechanism 4 • Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia 5 Bagian B • Komite Ekonomi Nasional (KEN) 5a • Negara Kesejahteraan (Golkar) 5b • Konsep pengembangan Knowledge-based Industry 6 Bagian C • Konsep pembangunan industri Indonesia jangka panjang 7 • Peran ITB dalam pengembangan ekonomi jangka panjang Bagian D 8

  5. Indonesia diperhitungkan akan menjadi negara makmur World Bank IMF CIA GDP Indonesia no 12 dunia (2030) OECD ADB Goldman Sachs PwC GDP Indonesia no 8 dunia (2050) Citi RBA Ernst & Young Mc Kinsey Frost & Sullivan

  6. PERSIAPAN AKSELERASI KEBERLANJUTAN PDB Nominal per capita 2015 - 2025 2025 - 2035 2035 - 2045 Pertumbuhan Ekonomi rata2 8% -9% Pertumbuhan Ekonomi rata2 10% -11% Pertumbuhan Ekonomi rata2 6% -7% PDB Nominal per capita 10,000 – 12,000 21,000 – 23,000 41,000

  7. Economic Development Transformation of a Country Country Background Condition Politics, Social, Financial Population, Resources Agriculture Knowledge-based Science-based Industry Development Pattern Development Mechanism Target of Development Program Development Strategy Government Lead Mechanism Market Lead Mechanism

  8. Economic Development Transformation of a Country Benda Padat Benda Uap Energi Benda Cair Transformasi Transformasi Transformasi Transformasi 3 Transformasi 1 Transformasi 2 Agriculture Knowledge-based Science-based Industry Development Pattern Development Mechanism Target of Development Program Development Strategy Government Lead Mechanism Market Lead Mechanism

  9. The first step involves a choicebetween industrialization and agriculturaldevelopment. If there is no one to decide which of those development patternto take, and no one lead theeconomy along the development pattern, no economic developmentcan be realized The industrialization patternmay be of a domestic market-led or export market-led type Development Pattern There is also a choice between whether final, intermediate, and capital-goods markets will bedeveloped together or in some sort of time succession. Thesekinds of path we willcall “development patterns.” Development Pattern A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DEVELOPMENTMECHANISMS IN KOREA AND TAIWAN:INTRODUCTORY ANALYSIS TAMIO HATTORI, YUKIHITO SAT$O : The Developing Economies, XXXV-4(December 1997): 341–57

  10. Development Pattern & Development Mechanism

  11. Taiwan Korea China Governor Government Government Government SME Chaebol Actors SOE SME TVE Development Pattern & Development Mechanism JVE Chaebol – Huge Conglomerates PE SME – Small Medium Enterprises SOE – State Own Enterprises TVE – Town Village Enterprises • “ Governor berfungsi terutama mengatur dan me-fasilitasi actors agar mampu bersaing dan berkembang” JVE – Joint Ventures Enterprises PE – Private Enterprises

  12. Program pembangunan Jepang Program pembangunan Taiwan Program pembangunan Hong Kong Program pembangunan Singapore Program pembangunan Korea Program pembangunan China • Five-Year Plans • 1962–1966 • 1967–1971 • 1972–1976 • 1977–1981 • 1982–1986 • 1987–1991 • 1992–1996 Beberapa contoh Program Pembangunan Jangka Panjang

  13. Concept of the Economic Growth Engines (Development Mechanism) Korea

  14. Concept of the Economic Growth Engines (Development Mechanism) Korea

  15. Concept of the Economic Growth Engines (Development Mechanism) Korea

  16. Concept of the Economic Growth Engines (Development Mechanism) Korea Lessons learned from Korea

  17. Concept of the Economic Growth Engines (Development Mechanism) The Great Leap Forward – 1957 China would elude the timetable imposed by the rate of capital accumulation by calling upon the vast resources of its industrial and agricultural force, thus “walking on two legs.” Readjustment, Consolidation and Repair (1961-65) with the abandonment of the GLF, the moderates within the CCP effected sharp changes in policy to restore order and to repair damage done to economy. Particular emphasis was given to agriculture to reduce threat of mass malnutrition and starvation. China The Great Proletariat Cultural Revolution (Jan. 1967) Anti Intellectual and Professional Transition of Power: 1976-1978 With Deng Xiaoping in power China entered a remarkable period of economic transformation Socialism with Chinese Characteristics (1979-Present) Introduced a new philosophy of pragmatism (1983)

  18. 4 Basic Factors of Economic Development Concept China would continue "on the whole" to have a planned economy, but planning would become indicative: macroeconomic guidance would replace mandatory targets 1 Markets would establish a "rational price system," which would be "the key to reform of the entire economic structure"; never-the-less, markets would not allocate or control ownership of labor, land, mines, banks, railways, or state owned enterprises (SOEs). 2 Lessons learned from China The economic functions of the government would be defined more narrowly, and the enterprises would be allowed to make more of their own decisions. 3 State enterprises would remain "the leading force" in the economy, but other forms of collective, individual, and foreign joint venture ownership would be encouraged 4

  19. Materi Presentasi 1 • Indonesia diperhitungkan akan menjadi negara makmur • Transformasi bentuk industri pada pengembangan ekonomi 2 Bagian A 3 • Development Pattern dan Development Mechanism • Beberapa Contoh Development Mechanism 4 • Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia 5 Bagian B • Komite Ekonomi Nasional (KEN) 5a • Negara Kesejahteraan (Golkar) 5b • Konsep pengembangan Knowledge-based Industry 6 Bagian C • Konsep pembangunan industri Indonesia jangka panjang 7 • Peran ITB dalam pengembangan ekonomi jangka panjang Bagian D 8

  20. Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia 5 • Komite Ekonomi Nasional (KEN) 5a 5b • Negara Kesejahteraan (Golkar)

  21. Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia • “ Sumber: KEN”

  22. Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia • Berdaulat dibidang politik, Berdikari didalam bidang ekonomi, Berkepribadian didalam kebudayaan. • Bung Karno • Trilogi Pembangunan: Pertumbuhan, Pemerataan, dan Stabilitas • Pak Harto • Membangun Indonesia yang aman, damai, demokratis dan maju • SBY • Sejak Reformasi, GBHN (Garis Besar Haluan Negara) tidak lagi ada, • sehingga perlu disusun blue print pembangunan nasional yang merupakan dasar, strategi, tujuan dan pelaksanaan pembangunan nasional secara menyeluruh, terpadu, sistematis, bertahap, berkesinambungan. • Mewujudkan Negara Kesejahteraan, yakni Indonesia yang bersatu, maju, mandiri, adil dan sejahtera • ARB • “ Sumber: Negara Kesejahteraan”

  23. Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia • Prioritas : (a – i) • d) industri • A. Latar Belakang • B. Dasar • Pertimbangan • 2. Pokok Strategi : (1 – 12) • 10) Industri berbasis Iptek dan Inovasi • C. Landasan • 3. Pembagian Gatra dan Bidang • (Gatra 1 – 4), Gatra 4: Iptek dan Inovasi • (Bidang 1 – 9), Bidang 5: Iptek dan Inovasi • D. Pengertian, • tujuan, manfaat Bagian I Naskah Pengantar • E. Visi dan Misi • 4. Tahapan dan Target • Dasawarsa Pertama : 2015 – 2020, 2021 - 2025 • Dasawarsa Kedua : 2025 – 2030, 2031 - 2035 • Dasawarsa Ketiga : 2035 – 2040, 2041 0 2045 • F. Skenario dan • Pentahapan • Arah Kebijakan (Bidang 1 – Bidang 9) • 4) Bidang Ekonomi, • 5) Bidang Iptek dan Inovasi • G. Arah Kebijakan • “ Sumber: Negara Kesejahteraan”

  24. Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia • Peluang : ( 1 – 9) • Bidang Iptek dan Inovasi (1 – 7) • 5.2 Kemampuan SDM Indonesia besar • 5.4. Pasar domestik Indonesia sangat besar • Bab I Pendahuluan • Bab II Visi dan Misi • Tantangan : ( 1 – 10) • 5. Bidang Iptek dan Inovasi (1 – 13) • 5.2 Dukungan pembiayaan penelitian dan • pengembangan masih rendah • 5.8 Efektifitas kebijakan dan program Ristek masih • rendah dan diragukan • 5.9 Dunia bisnis belum menganggap perlunya • kegiatan pengembangan Iptek dan Inovasi • Bab III Skenario dan • Pentahapan • Bab IV Peluang dan • Tantangan Bagian II: Naskah Pembangunan • Bab V Arah Kebijakan dan • Strategi Implementasi • Bab VI Sistem Monitoring • dan Evaluasi • Arah Kebijakan : (1 – 9) • 5. Bidang Iptek dan Inovasi • 5.1 Pengembangan Iptek dan Inovasi diarahan pada • industri : Energi, Agro, Manufaktur, Transportasi. • Bab VII Penutup • “ Sumber: Negara Kesejahteraan”

  25. Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia • Ringkasan • Perlu disusun blue print pembangunan nasional yang merupakan dasar, strategi, tujuan dan pelaksanaan pembangunan nasional secara menyeluruh, terpadu, sistematis, bertahap, berkesinambungan • Industri masa depan Indonesia adalah industri yang berbasis pada Ipek dan Inovasi • Industri masa depan Indonesia yang perlu dikembangkan meliputi industri: manufaktur, pangan, penerbangan, transportasi, perikanan, pertanian, perkebunan dan industri strategis lainnya. • Untuk memperoleh penguasaan Iptek dan Inovasi untuk menunjang industri masa depan, maka kegiatan penelitian, pengembangan, pendidikan dan pelatihan mutlak perlu untuk ditingkatkan. • “ Sumber: Negara Kesejahteraan”

  26. Materi Presentasi 1 • Indonesia diperhitungkan akan menjadi negara makmur • Transformasi bentuk industri pada pengembangan ekonomi 2 Bagian A 3 • Development Pattern dan Development Mechanism • Beberapa Contoh Development Mechanism 4 • Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia 5 Bagian B • Komite Ekonomi Nasional (KEN) 5a • Negara Kesejahteraan (Golkar) 5b • Konsep pengembangan Knowledge-based Industry 6 Bagian C • Konsep pembangunan industri Indonesia jangka panjang 7 • Peran ITB dalam pengembangan ekonomi jangka panjang Bagian D 8

  27. Konsep pengembangan Knowledge-based Industry Korea

  28. From Industry to Knowledge Based Economic Konsep pengembangan Knowledge-based Industry

  29. Konsep pengembangan Knowledge-based Industry From Industry to Knowledge Based Economic Development Mechanism Korea China Government-Led Development Mechanism Goverment-Led Development Mechanism Technoparks, economic & technology development zones Strengthening research centers and high educations Case study on: Electronics, communications, automobile, home appliances, entertainment

  30. Konsep pengembangan Knowledge-based Industry From Industry to Knowledge Based Economic Establishing the goal of knowledge based industry of the future Preparing the dessemination of the result of research activities through Industrial Incubators, Technoparks and Special Industrial Estate Upgrading manpower by higher technological education and more percentage of PhD graduate Development Pattern Carefully preparing the long term planning on research topic, and coordinating the research activities . Establishing and strengthening the government research institutions (GRI)

  31. Konsep Pembangunan Industri Indonesia Jangka Panjang Country Background Condition Politics, Social, Financial Population, Resources Transformasi 2 Agriculture Knowledge-based Science-based Industry Development Pattern Development Mechanism Target of Development Program Development Strategy Government Lead Mechanism Market Lead Mechanism Perlu disusun Development Pattern yang sesuai dengan Target Development Program yang ingin dicapai, serta memilih New Economic Growth Engines (Development Mechanism) yang paling mungkin untuk dilaksanakan

  32. Konsep Pembangunan Industri Indonesia Jangka Panjang Pembentukan Pusat Riset Iptek Peningkatan Pendidikan Tinggi Pembentukan Incubator & Technopark Mendorong R&D di Industri

  33. Konsep Pembangunan Industri Indonesia Jangka Panjang Menemukan, menentukan dan mengembangkan Economic Growth Engine (Development Mechanism) I&T PR PT R&D

  34. Konsep Pembangunan Industri Indonesia Jangka Panjang Applied Science & Technology Penelitian Dasar Perguruan Tinggi Penelitian Aplikatif Components Development Studi & Analisis Berbagai Pusat R & D Penguasaan Core Technology Pengembangan Core Component Product Design & Engineering Pengembangan Prototype Product Industri Pengembangan Sistem Produksi Industrial Development

  35. Materi Presentasi 1 • Indonesia diperhitungkan akan menjadi negara makmur • Transformasi bentuk industri pada pengembangan ekonomi 2 Bagian A 3 • Development Pattern dan Development Mechanism • Beberapa Contoh Development Mechanism 4 • Beberapa pemikiran pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia 5 Bagian B • Komite Ekonomi Nasional (KEN) 5a • Negara Kesejahteraan (Golkar) 5b • Konsep pengembangan Knowledge-based Industry 6 Bagian C • Konsep pembangunan industri Indonesia jangka panjang 7 • Peran ITB dalam pengembangan ekonomi jangka panjang Bagian D 8

  36. ... “akankah” peranan ITB sangat besar dalam kegiatan pengembangan ekonomi Indonesia dimasa mendatang? ...

  37. ..creation of spin-off company.. From idea • Stage 1 • Proof of Concept • Laboratory • Stage 2 • Prototyping • Laboratory • Incubator • Stage 3 • Business Plan & Investor • Stage 4 • Pilot Plant & Legal Aspect • Techno Park • Stage 5 • Industrial Establishment • Industrial Estate To an industry

  38. ..usulan ITB Grand Masterplan.. • Stage 1 • Wind of Change • ITB Ganesha Campus • Perubahan Budaya • Perubahan Peraturan & Kebijakan • Perubahan Sarana & Prasarana • Stage 2 • ITB Ganesha Campus • Joint Research Office • Tapping the bright Ideas • Stage 3 • ITB Jatinangor Campus • Incubator • Developing Industrial Prototype • Finding the Angel Investor • Stage 4 • ITB Walini Campus • Techno Park • Developing Pilot Plant • Exposing to Investor &Customer • Stage 5 • Industrial Estate • ITB Bekasi & Walini Campus

  39. ..usulan ITB Grand Masterplan.. • Stage 1 • Wind of Change • 2013 - 2014 • Joint Research Office • Stage 2 • 2014 - 2015 • Stage 3 • Incubator • 2015 - 2017 • Stage 4 • Techno Park • 2017 - 2020 • Stage 5 • Industrial Estate • 2020 - 2025

  40. Posisi ITB Multikampus yang sangat strategis

  41. “...terima kasih..”

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