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Day 1

Day 1. QOD: What is a safety culture ? When the whole company sees the value of a safe work environment Agenda: 1. QOD & Measurements 2. Basic Safety PP 3. Video – Accidents 4. Activity – 5 Types of Accidents 5 . Review Standards:

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Day 1

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  1. Day 1 QOD:What is a safety culture? When the whole company sees the value of a safe work environment Agenda: 1. QOD & Measurements 2. Basic Safety PP 3. Video – Accidents 4. Activity – 5 Types of Accidents 5. Review Standards: AC-IFOS-2. Understand and practice construction safety.

  2. Introduction - Basic Safety Standards: AC-IFOS-2. Understand and practice construction safety. 2.1 Demonstrate knowledge of use and care of PPE. 2.2 Demonstrate a basic knowledge of OSHA and its regulations. 2.3 Demonstrate a basic knowledge of safety as related as relates to personal safety, ELACC9-10SL2: Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source. ELACC9-10SL4: Present information, findings, and supporting evidence clearly, concisely, and logically such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization, development, substance, and style are appropriate to purpose, audience, and task.

  3. Introduction • Throughout the day, many tasks will be repeated with little conscious thought. • This can make work dull and increases the chance of an accident. • Safety consciousness is a vital part of your work. • Safety training is conducted to make you aware that dangers exist all around you every day. • Jobsites are always changing and new hazards are continuously emerging.

  4. Video:Construction Accidents

  5. Importance of Safety • Safety is a learned behavior and attitude, as well as a way of working. • A safety culture is created when the whole company sees the value of a safe work environment.

  6. Importance of Safety • Companies with a strong safety culture have lower accident rates and a lower turnover of personnel. • Other benefits… • fewer at-risk behaviors • lower absenteeism • higher productivity • can lower a company’s Experience Modification Rate (EMR)

  7. Importance of Safety • Factors... • perceiving safety as a core value. • strong leadership. • the involvement of all employees. • using the workplace as learning environment. • continually monitoring performance. • effective communication of safety goals.

  8. Accidents • An accident is defined as an unplanned event that may or may not result in personal injury or property damage. • Accidents can happen to anyone at any time, in any place. • Accident categories include: • Near-miss: no one injured and no property damage • Property damage: results in damage to tools, material or equipment. • Minor injuries: minor cuts, bruises, or strains but worker returned to full duty the next day. • Serious injury: results in temporary or permanent disability. • Fatalities: death

  9. Accident Costs • When an accident occurs, there are direct costs such as the medical costs of the injured worker, and indirect costs such as lost productivity and the cost of training a replacement worker. • Direct Cost: Can be foreseen • Medical Bills • Worker’s Compensation • Liability Insurance Premiums • Indirect, Hidden cost: Are not foreseen • Property damage • Equipment damage • Production delays • Supervisory time • Retraining • Image/Morale

  10. Indirect Cost • Indirect or hidden costs can exceed direct costs by two to seven times.

  11. Activity:5 Types of Accidents • Objective: List the 5 types of accidents and give examples of each. • Group Task:Prepare a Tree Map to classify each type of accident and give examples of each. Be prepared to present work to the class (p 1.2).

  12. CLASSIFYING Tree Map

  13. Review • What is safety consciousness? • Is safety a learned behavior? Explain • What is a safety culture and what are the benefits? • What is the definition of an accident? • What are 5 types of accidents? • What is the difference between Direct Cost and Indirect Costs? • How much do hidden costs exceed the amount of direct costs?

  14. Day 2 QOD: How much do hidden costs of accidents usually exceed the direct cost? Two to seven times Agenda: 1. QOD & Measurements 2. Basic Safety PP 3. Video – Failure to Communicate 4. Activity – 9 Causes of Accidents 5. Review Standards: AC-IFOS-2. Understand and practice construction safety.

  15. What Causes Accidents? • 9 Causes of Accidents • failure to communicate • rationalizing risk • unsafe conditions • poor work habits • alcohol and drug abuse • lack of skill • intentional acts • unsafe acts • management system failure

  16. What Causes Accidents? • Poor Work Habits such as goofing off, carelessness, and horseplay can result in serious accidents.

  17. What Causes Accidents? • Rationalizing Risk is the act of ignoring safety warnings and practices because you make an excuse for doing so. • Examples… • Crossing boundaries because no activity is in sight. • Not wearing safety goggles because it will only take a minute to make a cut. • Removing your hard hat because you are hot and you can not see anyone working overhead. • Not tying off your fall protection because you only have to lean over about a foot.

  18. What Causes Accidents? • Unsafe Condition is the physical state that is different from the acceptable, normal, or correct condition found on the job site. • Examples… • Congested workplace • Poor lighting • Excessive noise

  19. What Causes Accidents? • Alcohol and Drug Use are a major contributor to accidents on and off the job. • Many states prevent workers from collecting insurance benefits if they are injured while under the influence of alcohol or illegal drugs. • You should also be aware that some prescription drugs can affect performance as well. If you are taking prescription drugs, be sure you know how they can affect you.

  20. What Causes Accidents? • An Intentional Act is an attempt by someone such as a disgruntled or angry worker to deliberately cause an accident.

  21. What Causes Accidents? • An Unsafe Act is conduct that can lead to an accident. Unsafe methods are often easier or more convenient than doing something right. • This makes it easier to rationalize doing something that is unsafe.

  22. What Causes Accidents? • Management System is when your employer and the construction site management must have a system in place to: • prevent accidents • identify conditions that can cause accidents • train employees in accident prevention. • The absence of such a program is a management system failure

  23. Housekeeping • Housekeeping is the process of keeping the job site and your immediate work area neat and clean, will help a lot in preventing accidents. • The work area should be well lighted and have good ventilation. • Tools, equipment, and materials should not be left lying around for people to trip over. • The major goal of housekeeping is to prevent accidents.

  24. Video:Failure to Communicate

  25. What Causes Accidents? • Failure to Communicate means that workers and supervisors should never assume that others know what to do. • Safety information is most often communicated with signs. • All work sites have specific markings and signs to identify hazards and provide emergency information • 4 types of signs: • Informational • Safety • Caution • Danger

  26. Sign Examples

  27. Informational Signs • color – blue • provide general information. • Examples: • No Admittance • No Trespassing • For Employees Only

  28. Safety Signs • color – green panel with white letters • give general instructions and suggestions about safety measures. • Examples: • First-aid station • Emergency eye wash station • Evacuation routes • Material Data Safety Sheets (MSDS) • Exits

  29. Caution Signs • color – black panel with yellow letters • tell you about potential hazards or warn against unsafe acts. • Examples: • Hearing and eye protection required • Respirators are required • Smoking is not allowed

  30. Danger Signs • color – red, black, and white • tell you that an immediate danger exist and that you must take precautions to avoid an accident. • Examples: • Defective equipment • Flammable liquids • Safety barrier • High voltage • Emergency stop button

  31. Activity9 Causes of Accidents Objective: To choose a cause of accidents and illustrate examples of the chosen cause. Group Task:Prepare a Multi-Flow Map with 3 causes and 3 effects from one of the 9 causes of accidents (pp 1.3-1.9).

  32. CAUSE & EFFECT Flow Map

  33. Review • What are some of the Causes of Accidents? • What is Rationalizing Risk? • Poor Housekeeping, excessive noise, and inadequate guards for moving part are considered which cause of accident? • What is the major goal of housekeeping? • What are the 4 Types of Signs

  34. Day 3 QOD: List three of the nine causes of accidents on the jobsite? failure to communicate, rationalizing risk, unsafe conditions Agenda: 1. QOD and Measurements 2. Basic Safety PP 3. Video – OSHA Introduction 4. Activity – OSHA Inspections 5. Review Standards: AC-IFOS-2. Understand and practice construction safety.

  35. OSHA Regulations • Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. • Mission: • to save lives • prevent injuries • protect the health of American Workers • Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) • 29 CFR Part 1910 – covers OSHA’s standards for the general industry. • 29 CFR Part 1926 - covers OSHA’s standards for the construction industry.

  36. Video:OSHA Introduction http://www.dol.gov/dol/media/webcast/20110420-osha-40/

  37. OSHA Regulations • The General Duty Clause - invoked when a standard does not address a hazard. • If the following elements are present , a general duty clause citation may be issued: • The employer failed to keep the work place free of hazard. • The hazard was recognized, but not corrected. • The hazard was causing, or likely to cause, death or serious physical harm. • There was a feasible and useful method to correct the hazard.

  38. OSHA Regulations • Employee Rights and Responsibilities • If a worker has been discriminated against for asserting his or her OSHA rights, that person has 30 days from the time of the incident to file a complaint with OSHA. • Your employer is required by OSHA to maintain your job-related medical records for 30 years after you leave employment.

  39. OSHA Regulations • Inspections are conducted to insure employers are compliant with standards. There are 6 types. • Immanent danger: conducted when workers face an immediate risk of death or physical harm. • Catastrophic: performed after an accident that requires hospitalization of 3+ people. Employers are required to report fatalities and catastrophes to OSHA within 8 hours. • Worker complaint: conducted due to complaint by worker. • Programmed: aimed at high-risk areas. • Follow-up: completed after citation to assure employer has corrected citation. • Monitoring: used for long-term abatement follow-up and to assure compliance with variances.

  40. OSHA Regulations • A competent person is someone who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards and has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate such hazards. • To help employers provide a safe workplace, OSHA requires companies to provide a competent person to ensure safety of their employees.

  41. OSHA Regulations • There are three categories of on-the-job events: injuries, accidents, and incidents. • An incident is anything that could have caused and injury or damage but, because it was caught in time, did not. • An accident is anything that causes an injury or property damage. • An injury is anything that requires treatment, even minor first-aid.

  42. Job Safety Analysis • Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is one approach to hazard evaluation • In a JSA, the task at hand is broken down into its individual parts or steps and then each step is analyzed for its potential hazards. • For example in a Fall Protection Work Plan • Recognize Hazards • Provide Solutions • Identify Procedures • Define Training

  43. Video:Job Safety Analysis – Fall Protection

  44. Hazard Evaluation • Risk assessment is a measure of the probability, consequence and exposure related to an event. • Components: • Probability is the chance that a given event will occur. • Consequences are the results of an action, condition or event. • Exposure is the amount of time to which someone or something is exposed.

  45. Activity:OSHA Inspections Objective:List important facts about 5 of the 6 types of OSHA inspection. Group Task:Prepare a Tree Map to list important facts about 5 of the 6 types of OSHA inspection. Be prepared to present work to the class. (pp. 1.11)

  46. CLASSIFYING Tree Map

  47. Review • What does OSHA stand for, what is their mission? • What is the General Duty Clause? • How long does OSHA require your employer to keep your medical records? • How many days does a worker who has been discriminated against under OSHA rights have the right to file a complaint? • What is the process of preparing a Job Safety Analysis? • What the components involved in risk assessment?

  48. Day 4 QOD: What is OSHA’s mission? to save lives, prevent injuries, protect the health of American Workers Agenda: 1. QOD and Measurements 2. Safety Pledge 3. Basic Safety PP 4. Video – 4 High-Hazard Areas 5. Activity – Fall Protection and Job Hazard Analysis 6. Review Standards: AC-IFOS-2. Understand and practice construction safety.

  49. OSHA Regulations • The 4 high-hazard area

  50. OSHA Regulations • The 4 high-hazard area • Falls from elevation are accidents involving failure to properly use appropriate fall protection. • Struck-by accidents involve unsafe operation equipment, machinery, vehicles i.e. unsafe rigging operations. • Caught-in accidents involve unsafe operation equipment, machinery, vehicles i.e. improper procedures at a trench site. • Electrical shock accidents involve contact with overhead wires, use of defective tools, or improper ground fault protection.

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