Presentation of the draft intermediary expert report

1. CEEP Project: Social Services in European Cross-IndustrySocialDialogue – Towards a strong anddeeperinvolvement 2nd Round Table Meeting, Vilnius18 December 2018 Presentation of the draft intermediary expert report Eckhard Voss

2. Contents • Overview of the research • Provision of SSGIs in the six countries • Challenges, SSGIs are facing in the six countries • Role of social dialogue at cross-industry and sectoral level

3. Scope of the project Social Services of General Interest: EU Commission: “Social services of general interest are those that respond to the needs of vulnerable citizens, and are based on the principles of solidarity and equal access. They can be both of an economic or non-economic nature. Examples include social security schemes, employment services and social housing.”

4. SSGIs: Share ofemployment Share of employment in human health and social work sectors in total employment, 2013 (%)

5. Level and type ofsocialserviceprovision • Level of service provision • Very diverse and reflecting the service specificities, national welfare state tradition, public administration traditions and size of the country • Most services are regulated at national level and provided at local or regional level, sometimes directly falling within the competences of LRG • Role of public and private providers • Public service provision: plays a role in the provision of all SSGIs, specific public-private mix differs from country to country and sector to sector • Private, not-for profit service provision: Strong role in care related activities in all countries • Private, for-profit provision: dominates medical and dental practices and plays an increasing role in areas where public provision is not sufficient • Trends: private, for-profit providers playing an increasing role (e.g. residential care, homecare, childcare)

6. Level and type ofsocialserviceprovision • Important role of LRG, namely municipalities and communities for the provision of social services such as family welfare, nursing homes, health protection • SSGIs are organised at local government level (mayor or county general directorates for social assistance) and delivered by public or private organisations • Health sector: highly centralised systems, ongoing reforms (Cyprus) and emerging private hospitals in specific fields, addressing higher income groups • Private service provision: relatively unregulated environment • …

7. Challenges • Investments in social protection, education and healthcare • Poverty and fighting social exclusion • Severe material deprivation, coverage and effectiveness of social benefits • Labour market integration of specific groups • Tackling child poverty, family support • Adequate housing • Quality and efficiency of health care and medical services • Adequate access to curative or preventive health care • Ability to address demographic and other challenges • Adequate, affordable and quality long-term care • Investments in new technologies, e-health and medicine • Integration or health and social care provision • Residential care activities for elderly and disabled • Lack of capacities, understaffing, qualification, working conditions, etc. • Education and training, adult learning • Investments, equal access and opportunities, etc.

8. Employersin SSGI • Mapping of organisations and actors reveals lack of employer organisations in SSGIs • National governments, ministries, local and regional authorities are the main counterparts of trade unions when it comes to bargaining • Three types of providers, associations, professional organisations and bodies were identified: • Public organisations and bodies representing municipal authority providers; sub-sector, e.g. older people, people with disabilities, childcare. • Not-for-profit: faith-based organisations; volunteering organisations, e.g. in the field of child care, community care, etc. • For-profit: Types of service e.g. associations of private hospitals, nursing homes, kindergartens; residential care for the elderly. • Social Enterprises: seem to not play a significant role.

9. SocialDialogue – Overall featuresandtrends • Also due to late accession to EU, ‘Social Dialogue’ is a relatively new/less known concept in all six countries • Transformation process, EU accession as well as 2008 crisis has triggered tripartite consultation and agreements • Collective bargaining and social dialogue in some countries addressed by legal/institutional change (e.g. new labour code 2017 in LT, abolishment of OET in HU, reform of trade union representativeness criteria in RO in 2011) • Key problem of bipartite social dialogue is weakness of social partners in terms of organisational strength and capacities, representativeness and legitimacy • This is particularly striking at sector/branch level • Against this, collective bargaining at best is taking place at company level

10. Socialdialogueindicators

11. TripartiteSocialDialogue

12. BipartiteSocialDialogueandbargaining

13. Issuestodiscuss • Representation of SSGIs is fragmented and reflects diversity of service provision types and levels • Experience of six focus countries reflects general patterns of social dialogue in the respective countries • Organisational domains of trade unions and employers do not correspond to each other • Sectoral social dialogue therefore is difficult to organise in national frameworks where there is not tradition of SSGIs • Against this there certainly is a need to strengthen the representation of SSGIs in cross-sectoral social dialogue • Is there a need of cross-sectoral social dialogue in SSGIs?