Daniela Stoycheva Consultant emissions trading April 28-29, 2008, Moscow

1. Policy, normative base and experience of Kyoto Protocol implementation in Bulgaria and other Central European Countries Daniela Stoycheva Consultant emissions trading April 28-29, 2008, Moscow Moscow Carbon Market Forum 2008

2. What means implementation of the Kyoto Protocol ? • To be in compliance • Meet the KP target – domestic measure and mechanisms • National system for estimation of GHG emissions and removals in place • National registry in place • Reporting and Review requirements => Eligibility for use of the KP mechanisms

3. Eligibility for KP mechanisms • Review of Initial Report - to establish eligibility to participate in the mechanisms • Automatic eligibility after 16 months of the initial report (unless the Enforcement branch determines that some requirements are not met) • Party must continue to meet requirements to maintain eligibility: • Annual inventory and assigned amount reporting • Inventory passed quality tests in the annual review • Enforcement branch can suspend eligibility

4. Elements of the Initial Report • Complete national inventory • Calculation of assigned amount • Calculation of commitment period reserve • Identification of values for activities under Article 3.3 and 3.4 (LULUCF definitions) • Election of activities under 3.4 and accounting period • Description of the National System • Description of the Registry

5. a. Party to the Kyoto Protocol b. Assigned amount calculated c. National system in place for estimating emissions/removals d. National registry in place for tracking assigned amount e. Submission of most recent required emissions inventory f. Accurate accounting of assigned amount and submission of information Track 2 a. Party to the Kyoto Protocol b. Assigned amount calculated d. National registry in place for tracking assigned amount Eligibility requirements for JI Track 1 (full eligibility)

6. Timing of reports 3.1 ComplianceAssessment 4th Nat Communication 5th National Communication Voluntary Annual Reporting under 7.1 - inventory ‘True-up period’ Report 2008 2009 2011 2014 2006 2007 2010 2012 2013 2015 Report to establish AAUs – Initial report Mandatory Annual Reporting under 7.1 Article 8 Review Process Compliance Committee

7. Status of KP implementation in BG (1) “Good start – bad performance” • UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol ratified • AAUs calculated – Initial report submitted in July 2007; more than 50 % bellow the KP target • Reporting to UNFCCC – with delays • National system on GHG monitoring – implementing institutions (completechange) and legislation (not existing) • Registry – Greta software, hosted in ExEA; not working

8. Status of KP implementation in BG(2) Domestic measures • National Strategy on the Environment - not approved, outdated • Second NAPCC 2005-2008 - continuation not envisaged • EU CC related legislation transposed • EU Emission Trading Scheme – not started Mechanisms • Joint Implementation track 2 – from first placeto “on hold”, small reserve in NAP; track 1 not considered • International Emission Trading – GIS first study in the world; GIS- now frozen Capacity • CC Departments in MoEW and ExEA – more but new staff, wrong directorate • Interministerial commissions – on NAPCC, NAP, JI • No CC NGOs, no institutes involved

9. EU members Bulgaria Romania Hungary Czech Republic Poland Slovenia Slovakia Latvia Lithuania Estonia Non EU members Russia Ukraine Belarus Annex I Central Eastern Countries

10. Annex I EU CEC • Almost all below the KP target • EU climate change related legislation in place • National systems for monitoring in place • Registries in place (except Bulgaria) • Obliged to implement EU ETS; JI limited by EU ETS • JI procedures in place (except Poland) • Initiation of JI track 1 (Romania) • In some GIS envisaged – Latvia, Hungary, Estonia, Slovakia, Romania, …. • Eligibility in second half of 2008 • Share EU post Kyoto target – burden sharing

11. Annex I - non EU • All below the target • All with approved JI procedures in place • All with big JI potential • Registries coming • Reporting on track • Institutions in place • GIS in progress • Need mere capacity building • Belarus pending Annex B

12. Future activities of CECs • To develop and defend positions for international (EU) negotiations; • More policies and measures (mitigation and adaptation) must be developed and implemented (integrated) nationally, as deeper emissions cuts are needed - updating the National Strategies and Action Plans; • More effective use of all KP mechanisms - adopting legislation for JI Track I; establishing GIS; identifying and approving new projects, etc.; • To decide on banking; • Increase the institutional capacity - more human capacity; more institutions involved with a better coordination amongst them; • Improvements of the National systems and reporting (5NC, inv.); • More financial recourses for CC activities must be envisaged.

13. Number of JI projects and kERUs - UNEP Risoe, April 1st 2008

14. ERUs until 2012 from JI projects- UNEP Risoe, April 1st 2008 While 23% of the 129 JI projects are renewables, they only take 5% of the ERUs. CH4 reduction takes the majority (59%) of the ERUs

15. JI speeded up • 14 new JI projects in March 2008 11 of the new projects from Russia, 1 from Ukraine, 1 from Bulgaria, and the first JI project from the Czech Republic • 1 project determined by JISC, 1 rejected • BUT what is the role of JI in post Kyoto regime?

16. Thank you for your attention ! danielast11@yahoo.com