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ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE

ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE. (1) GLUCOSE + ATP  GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE + ADP + H + (2) CH 3 CH 2 OH + NAD +  (CH3)CHO + NADH + H + (3) ATP + H 2 O  ADP + P i (4) CH 3 (CO)COO - + H +  CH 3 CHO + CO 2 (PYRUVATE) (ACETALDEHYDE)

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ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE

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  1. ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE (1) GLUCOSE + ATP  GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE + ADP + H+ (2) CH3CH2OH + NAD+ (CH3)CHO + NADH + H+ (3) ATP + H2O  ADP + Pi (4) CH3(CO)COO- + H+  CH3CHO + CO2 (PYRUVATE) (ACETALDEHYDE) (5) CH3(CO)COO- + ATP + CO2  ADP + Pi + -OOC-CH2 (C0) COO- (OXALOACETATE) -OOC H H H | | | | (6) C = C  C = C | | | | H COO- -OOC COO-

  2. ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE (7) OXALOACETATE + GTP  PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE + GDP + CO2 (8) ASP + -KETOGLUTARATE  OXALOACETATE + GLU (9) 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE  2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE (10) -OOC-CH2-CH2-COO- + FAD  -OOC-CH=CH-COO- + FADH2

  3. ENZYME CLASSIFICATIONANSWERS TO IN-CLASS EXERCISE • (1) TRANSFERASE (HEXOKINASE) • (2) OXIDOREDUCTASE (ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE) • (3) HYDROLASE (ATPase) • (4) LYASE (PYRUVATE DECARBOXYLASE) • (5) LIGASE (PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) • (6) ISOMERASE (MALEATE ISOMERASE) • (7) HYDROLASE (PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYKINASE) • (8) TRANSFERASE (AMINOTRANSFERASE) • (9) PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE • (10) OXIDOREDUCTASE (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE)

  4. OXIDOREDUCTASES • CATALYZE REDOX REACTIONS • SOME COMMON TYPES: • REDUCTASES • DEHYDROGENASES • OXIDASES • OXYGENASES • LOOK FOR INVOLVEMENT OF COENZYMES • NAD+ , NADP+, FAD, FMN

  5. TRANSFERASES • TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS • SOME EXAMPLES: • TRANSFERASES • PHOSPHORYLASES • TRANSFER OF Pi OR PPi • KINASES • A PHOSPHATE TRANSFER • UTILIZE OR GENERATE ATP

  6. HYDROLASES • HYDROLYSIS REACTIONS • WATER MOLECULES USED TO BREAK BONDS • EXAMPLES: • PHOSPHATASES • PEPTIDASES • ATPase, GTPase

  7. LYASES • CATALYZES REACTIONS THAT • GENERATE A DOUBLE BOND • ADDS A SUBSTRATE MOLECULE TO DOUBLE BOND OF A SECOND SUBSTRATE • EXAMPLES: • DECARBOXYLASES • DEHYDRATASES • ALDOLASE

  8. ISOMERASES • CONVERSION OF ONE ISOMERIC FORM INTO ANOTHER • EXAMPLES: • ISOMERASES • EPIMERASES • RACEMASES • MUTASES

  9. LIGASES • TWO MOLECULES ARE JOINED • ANABOLIC REACTIONS • REQUIRE NUCLEOTIDES (ATP, GTP) TO DRIVE THEM • A PYROPHOSPHATE BOND MUST BE BROKEN • EXAMPLES: • CARBOXYLASE • SYNTHETASES • DON’T CONFUSE SYNTHETASES WITH SYNTHASES

  10. ONGOING EXERCISE • USING THE PRECEEDING PRINCIPLES OF ENZYME CLASSIFICATION, MAKE SURE THAT YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE CLASS OF ENZYME FOR EACH ENZYME THAT WE STUDY AND RATIONALIZE WHY IT FITS INTO THAT PARTICULAR CLASS

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