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Watermelon Ripeness Sensor

Watermelon Ripeness Sensor. Melon Inc. In Search of Perfect Melons. Jason L. Firko Allan Cohen Matt Behr Dave Bartoski. Watermelon Ripeness Sensor. Team #2 Members : Jason Firko Matt Behr Allan Cohen Dave Bartowski

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Watermelon Ripeness Sensor

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  1. WatermelonRipeness Sensor Melon Inc. In Search of Perfect Melons. Jason L. Firko Allan Cohen Matt Behr Dave Bartoski

  2. Watermelon Ripeness Sensor Team #2 Members: Jason Firko Matt Behr Allan Cohen Dave Bartowski Customer: Ed Kee Advisor: Dr. James Glancey Mission: Develop a non-destructive method and apparatus for accurately determining the ripeness of watermelons. Approach: Use customer wants to research and develop the most useful solution to the problem of determining watermelon ripeness. Develop a prototype and test it in an actual working enviroment.

  3. Background Watermelon market is a large, worldwide market Grown on 5 Continents Grown in 90 countries Annual production 50 Billion lbs./year 75% of the melons bought whole Large domestic and international market Problem with a long history - 1905 University of Georgia Study There are currently no accurate non-destructive testing methods available

  4. Design Concept Review • Introduction • Concept Generation • Customers, Wants, Constraints, Benchmarking, Target values, Concept generation • Concept Selection • Evaluation against Metrics/Target Values, Concept Development, Working Model • Schedule • Actuals, Schedule, Budget

  5. Customers & Wants

  6. 1. Accuracy 2. Portability 3. Food Quality 4. Cost 5. Durable 6. Easy to Use 7. Fast 8. Versatility 9. Maintenance 10. Service Life Customers Top Wants

  7. Constraints • Maximum - $3000 Budget • Abide by all FDA Regulations • Food Quality • Abide by all OSHA Regulations • Safety Standards

  8. Metrics/Target Values • Metrics • Provide a Means of Objective Measurement • Eliminate Ambiguity • Target Values • Derived From Customer Wants, Functional Benchmarking, Continued Customer Dialogue • Contact Regulatory Agencies • Listed With Related Wants (Ranked)

  9. Metrics & Related Wants • Accuracy/Portability • % Correct Ripeness Readings (95%) • % Error in Sugar Content ** • (False Neg./False Pos.) Readings (3) • Weight (51 lbs.) • Size (Dimensions) (3’ Sides) • # People - Transport/Operation (1) • Production Cost [$700]

  10. Metrics (Cont’d) • Durability/Ease of Use/Speed • Hours of Continuous Operation [12 hrs.) • Impact Resistance (3 ft. Drop) • Time to Train [1 hr.] • Number of Steps [5] • Level of Education Required [Grade 8) • Time/Cycle [10 sec] • Time per Shipment [2 hrs.]

  11. Metrics (Con’t) • Food Quality/ServiceLife/Versatility/Maintenance • Size of Intrusion (1mm) • Bacteria Introduced * • Visual Quality Inspection Rating (1-10) • Estimated Years of Service (5 yrs.] • # of Uses (melon types, sizes, etc.) (4) • Cost/Cycle (parts, upkeep, etc) ($.001/cycle)

  12. Initial Systems Benchmarking • Current Methods Of Watermelon Testing • Traditional - Thumping, stem color, skin color, other traditional methods • Destructive Testing - Sucrometer readings • Near Infrared Testing - Experimental technique of sensing sugar content • Acoustic Testing - University of Oklahoma

  13. Systems Benchmarking Cont. • Related Procedures (Fruits and others) • Thumping/Resonance Tires, Fruits • Acoustic testing Acoustic Emission Testing • Ultrasonic testing Materials, Medical • Optoelectrics Apples • Intrusive testing Medical(Syringes) • Nuclear magnetic resonance Fruits, Medical • Electronic sniffing Strawberries

  14. Concept Generation - Framework • Sensor is Critical Function/Element • Concept Generation Primarily Deals With This Element

  15. Functional Benchmarking Details of the Critical Element • Acoustic/Impact Tests-Sound signature and Resonance • Acoustic Sensors- microphones, AE sensors • Impact Devices- pendulums, hammers,spring loaded, etc. • Acoustic data acquisition devices • Testing of Rind Quality • Accelerometers and related tracking devices • Resistivity Testing • Available info. Of resistivity of biological materials • Probes, measuring devices, necessary equipment

  16. Functional Benchmarking (Cont’d) • Ultrasonic testing • Use on biological materials • Available Machines • Sizing Devices • Oversized calipers • Scales • Sampling devices and methods • Syringes, automated sucrometers

  17. ACOUSTIC RESONANCE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES ULTRASOUND NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (NMR) SONIC TESTING - SINGLE FREQUENCY SONIC TESTING - WHITE NOISE INFARED ENERGY IMPACT STRAIN GAUGE FLUID EXTRACTION Concept Generation

  18. Concept Evaluation/SelectionProcess • Is this a viable solution? • Evaluate in terms of ranked metrics • Presentation - Time Constraints • Method - Comparison with metrics(related wants) • Strong in metrics • Weak in metrics • Notes on concept • SSD and Testing results lead to selection

  19. Concept Evaluation • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance • Out of Budget - $60,000 - $1,000,000 • Sonic Testing- Single Frequency • Food Quality, Speed • Easy to Use, Accuracy, Maintenance, Cost • Difficult to Use- Need Proper Environment

  20. Concepts Evaluation (Cont’d) • Sonic Testing- White Noise • Food Quality • Speed, Cost, Accuracy, Portability, Easy to Use • Need Controlled Conditions • Infrared • Accuracy, Speed, Food Quality • Expensive(Cost & Maintenance], Easy, Portability • High Power, Auxillary Equiptment Needed

  21. Concept Evaluation (Cont’d) • Energy Impact • Quick, Easy, Food Quality, Portability, Durability • Accuracy • Related to External Properties, Not Internal • Strain Gauge • Portable, Food Quality • Easy to Use, Speed, Accuracy • Related to Rind Properties • Fluid Extraction With Syringe • Accuracy, Portability, Easy to Use • Food Quality, Maintenance • Intrusive

  22. Ultrasound • Testing - CCM • Catch 22 • High Frequency - Cannot Penetrate Rind • Low Frequency - Cannot Sense Density Changes • Other Problems - Air Pockets, Seeds • Food Quality, Service Life, Versatility • Accuracy, Portability, Cost, Speed • Not a Viable Sensing Mechanism

  23. Electrical Properties • Resistance Testing • RC Modeling • Data Normalized For Physical Parameters & Sugar Content • Portability, Cost, Maintenance, Service Life • Accuracy, Food Quality, Speed • No Correlation Found - Not a Viable Sensing Mechanism

  24. Electric Testing

  25. Acoustic Resonance Testing • Based on Traditional Method • Acoustic Properties have been used to indicate ripeness • Accuracy, Portability, Food Quality, Cost, Easy, Fast • Maintenance

  26. Concept Selection • Acoustic Testing • Scored Highest in SSD - Received 8.9 / 10.0 • Historical Basis - Benchmarking • Four main parts: Sensory, Data Acquisition, Data Analysis, Display/Interface • Focus on Sensory Portion of Design Development

  27. Concept Selection - Metrics • Want/MetricValue • Accuracy >present • Portability 30lbs, 1 Person, 2’ sides • Cost $950 • Speed <10sec • Food Quality 0 Bacteria, Non-Intrusive • # of Uses Local Varieties

  28. Concept Selection - Testing • Performed Testing - 18 melons • All melons were in ripe range (8 - 12% sugar) • Determined Repeatability and Reliability • Impact Height, Turning, Repeated Testing

  29. Concept Selection - Testing • Conclusions • Audible Signature Noticeable • No Negative Data • Need Further Testing - Variety • Grow green melons • Possible Correlations - • Secondary Spikes • Damping Characteristics

  30. Working Model • Two Component Working Model • (i) - Experimental Set up - Dr. Sun’s Lab • (ii) - Working Model

  31. Planned Schedule

  32. Actual Schedule

  33. Future Critical Tasks • Continue iterative concept evaluation • Develop further the data acquisition & analysis • Determine if we Can use a PCI or ISA card for data acquisition tasks • Order used laptop or microprocessor to perform our calculations • Determine software or computer code / learn • Obtain a shipment of melons of varying ripeness • Grow watermelons in greenhouse & Obtain shipment of melons • Perform further acoustic testing and refine correlation • Refine the thumping device through continued testing • Take a tour of the farm and working environment • Attend the watermelon growers convention

  34. Estimated Budget • Microphone $ 2.99 • Microprocessor/Laptop $ 350.00 • Analog To Digital Converter $ 300.00 • Digital Scale $ 100.00 • Linear measuring Device $ 50.00 • Base Plate w/attachments $ 40.00 • Adjustable Thumper $ 20.00 • Adjustable Microphone Mount $ 10.00 • Testing/Analysis Hours 120 Hrs. • Testing Materials $700.00 • Machine Shop Hours 40 Hrs. • Total cost for Initial Concept Prototype $ 872.99

  35. Conclusion - Project Status • Refinement of Wants/Benchmarking/Metrics • Concept Generation • Testing and Evaluation • Physical Testing • Metrics • Concept Selection/ Design • Working Model • Future Activities - Scheduled

  36. Project Goal • Satisfied Customers!

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