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Quantum Physics

Quantum Physics. A whole new particle game. BlackBody Radiation. ALL objects radiate thermal energy Cold in the IR range – not visible Turn up the heat & radiation becomes visible ROYGBIV Big l to Short l or Low f to high f. BlackBody Exp. Black Body Problem.

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Quantum Physics

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  1. Quantum Physics A whole new particle game

  2. BlackBody Radiation • ALL objects radiate thermal energy • Cold in the IR range – not visible • Turn up the heat & radiation becomes visible • ROYGBIV • Big l to Short l or • Low f to high f

  3. BlackBody Exp.

  4. Black Body Problem • ALL OF PHYSICS predicted: T  lmax  • We get :

  5. Planck’s Luck • Mostly Bad. 1900-1944: • Wanted to solve entropy. DID IT! • Went to publish. Found J Gibbs beat him to it. Published in the RAKE. • Wife passed away. • Daughter 1 died in childbirth. • Daughter 2 took care of baby, married husband 1. Daughter 2 died in childbirth. • Son sentenced to death cuz opposed Nazi Germany.

  6. Planck-Thermodynamics • Says we get the l’s we get cuz ‘atomic oscillators’ are only able to oscillate as: E=nhf • The oscillators produce the em wave. • Planck didn’t like atoms, Boltzman. • Planck had to use atoms & Boltzman methods. • Planck didn’t like sol’n. • Useful, but maybe not accurate.

  7. Photoelectric Effect

  8. Photoelectric Effect Problem • Any f should remove electrons . Not Observed. • Intensity   Energy Regardless of f • Emitted e- energy should depend on Intensity of light beam. Not Observed. • Emitted e- NRG depends on f. Weird • Waves of light spread NRG across metal. Requires time for e- to absorb NRG & fly off. Not Observed.

  9. Light & Einstein Light is a PARTICLE • Einstein: light has no mass, but DOES have KE • Einstein predicted light waves have p! • Had no way of confirming these formulas

  10. Ephoton=hf KEmax=KEelectronf=work function KEmax=hf-f

  11. Photoelectric Effect Graph • y=mx+b • Threshold Frequency = x-intercept • Work Function = y-intercept • Planck’s Constant = slope

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