Do Now & Homework

1. Do Now & Homework • Do Now: Take out your notebooks and start to write down your homework. • Homework: in your NOTEBOOK find and answer the following definitions on pages 153-157 • Justinian I • Eastern Roman Empire • Constantinople • Holy Icons

2. Do Now and Homework • List some geographical information about Byzantine. HOMEWORK: Ch. 10 Section 2 page 248 # 1, 2, 4, 5

3. Big Ideas of the Byzantine Empire • Had a strong government and same code of laws under Justinian (a great emperor). • Closely tied to the Orthodox Christian Church. • Made contributions in architecture, engineering and art. • Affected development of Russian and other nations of Eastern Europe.

4. Geography • Constantine in 330 started a new capital Constantinople, on the site of Byzantium. • Empire covered from Rome down to North Africa. • The city was a peninsula. • Blended Greek, Roman and Christian influences. • Spread ideas to Russia.

5. Achievements of Byzantine • Justinian, ruled from 527-565 A.D. • Autocrat: a single ruler with complete authority. • Justinian made a code of laws, which were taken from the ancient rules of Rome. • Made up of Roman laws, legal writings and a student handbook. • In architecture, made the Church of Hagia Sophia, meaning “Holy Wisdom.”

6. Art and religion went hand in hand. • Icons were holy images of Jesus, Mary, or saints of the Orthodox Christian Church. • Mosaics, pictures or designs formed by inlaid pieces of stone or other materials, showed biblical scenes.

7. Do Now & Homework • List facts about the Geography of Byzantine Empire in your notebook. Pass up HOMEWORK. • Homework: Textbook page 167 # 2, 3, 12, 14, 15 – BOTH QUESTION AND ANSWERS

8. Questions to ANSWER from the Reading… • What did Emperor Constantine name his capital? • What was the eastern branch of the Christian Church? • What was the western branch of the Christian Church? • What were some of the reasons for the decline of the Byzantine Empire? • What were the four parts of the Byzantine Legacy?

9. The Orthodox Christian Church • Also known as Eastern Orthodox Church. • Emperor controlled the Church and appointed the patriarch, the highest church official. • Considered Jesus’ co-ruler on Earth. • Did not believe the Pope in Rome had supreme authority over them. • Byzantine priests could marry. • Greek was the language of the Church. • In 1054, a permanent split or schism between the Orthodox Christian Church in the East and the Roman Catholic in the West.

10. Decline & Fall of the Empire • After Justinian’s reign, empire lost land by other armies. • By the early 1200s, western Christians took over Constantinople and ruled it for 50 years. • In 1453, the Ottoman empire took over the entire empire.

11. DO NOW & HOMEWORK • What did the Orthodox priests do that Catholic priests cannot do? HOMEWORK: TEST ON BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND RUSSIA ON TUESDAY APRIL 3RD. REVIEW ALL NOTES, HANDOUTS AND LOOK AT POWERPOINTS ONLINE.

12. Russia and Eastern Europe • First Russian state was established in 800s. • City of the state was Kiev, in present day Ukraine. • Russia began trading with the Byzantine empire. • Byzantine monks gave them their language, from the Greek alphabet, called Cyrillic, which is still used today in Russia.

13. Byzantine missionaries brought the Orthodox beliefs to Russia. • Orthodox is still used today in Russia. • The close church-state relationship in Byzantine empire became a model for Russia’s government and religion. • Autocratic rulers in Russia were known as czars (aka tsars). Czar is Russian for Caesar. • Russian adopted religion, art, music and architecture of Byzantine. • Russia is known for the onion domes.