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BETTER AIR QUALITY 2004 WORKSHOP. Index of Social Capacity for Environmental Management. December 8, 2004 Sara OKADA and Shunji MATSUOKA, Ph.D. Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University. Social Capacity for Environmental Management (SCEM).
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BETTER AIR QUALITY 2004 WORKSHOP Index of Social Capacity for Environmental Management December 8, 2004 Sara OKADA and Shunji MATSUOKA, Ph.D. Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University
Social Capacity for Environmental Management (SCEM) • The capacity to manage environmental problems and the ability to administer the social environmental management system (SEMS), which consists of the governments, private firms and citizens and the interactions between or among these actors, and also of the relations between national and local levels of the society (Matsuoka 2003).
Target of SCEM Index SCEM Institutions GEMS Report, UNEP/ WHO (1996) Matsuoka et al. (2000) Socio-economic condition (GNP, Education level etc) Honda et al. (2004) Environmental performance (Environmental quality data) EKC
Principles of SCEM Index Making • Validity Consistency Between the Concept and Index 2. Reliability Dependability of Data and Methodology • Simplicity and Versatility User-driven “Sustainable Development Indicators” “Governance Indicators”
Reducing Human Vulnerability • 2 indicators Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI)2001,2002 Social and Institutional Capacity Environmental Systems • 5 indicators • Science and Technology • Capacity for Debate • Environmental • Governance • Private Sector • Responsiveness • Eco-efficiency Global Stewardship Reducing Stresses • 3 indicators • 5 indicators (source) World Economic Forum (2002)
Governance Indicators (KKZ)1996,1998,2000,2002 Governance:the traditions and institutions by which authority in a country is exercised (Kaufmann et al. 2003) (source) Kaufmann et al. (2003)
Capacity of Government Used Index: KKZ Used Component: Government Effectiveness
Capacity of Citizens Used Index: KKZ Used Component: Voice and Accountability
Capacity of Firms Used Index: ESI Used Component and Variables: Private Sector Responsiveness(number of ISO14001 holding companies) Eco-efficiency (energy efficiency=total primary energy consumption per dollar of GDP: 1995 GDP=100)
Knowledge and Technology Used Index: ESI Used Component and Variables: Science and Technology (expenditure on information and communication technology, tertiary school enrollment rate)
Future Research Issues • Include variables directly related to environmental management, especially in the capacity of government and citizens. • Need to align data characteristics • Need to consider the weight of each component according to SCEM development stages.