1 / 25

US NSF LTER sites

US NSF LTER sites. US NSF National Ecological Observatory Network. New network for addressing major ecological questions, with Infectious Disease as one major theme Planning for the next 30 years General website www.neoninc.org

verna
Download Presentation

US NSF LTER sites

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. US NSF LTER sites

  2. US NSF National Ecological Observatory Network • New network for addressing major ecological questions, with Infectious Disease as one major theme • Planning for the next 30 years • General website www.neoninc.org • Website with latest reports from topics committees (prior to specifying particular systems) : http://www.neoninc.org/archive/2005/04/latest_neon_des.html#more

  3. Long-term foliar infection in tallgrass prairie plants Tallgrass prairie in central USA

  4. Not as flat as a pancake Flint Hills, Kansas, USA

  5. KONZA PRAIRIE BIOLOGICAL STATION 3,487 Ha N Burn Interval Variable Annual 2 year 4 year 10 year 20 year Grazing Bison Cattle

  6. Long-term plant species composition data • Long-term data set with complete plant species cover classes collected in many environments at Konza Prairie • See www.konza.ksu.edu

  7. Sampling scheme within a transectfor plant species composition assessment • Five quadrats are located along each transect • In general, four upland transects and four lowland transects are present in each watershed

  8. Precipitation manipulation – RaMP project

  9. Most important environmental effects • Burning is not so important across species (during drought years), but is for some particular species • Position on slope is the most important environmental predictor • Grazing effects were quite specific to host-pathogen system • Host frequency dependence was indicated

  10. Overall effects of burning (during 3 drought years)

  11. Effects of burning on rust of Erigeron strigosus Dendy et al., in preparation

  12. Topographic effect on big bluestem rust • Rates of infection by Puccinia andropogonis are greater for midslope sites than bottom or crest sites (P≤0.05) Midslope Bottom Crest Morgan, Garrett, Todd, and Tisserat (in revision)

  13. Precipitation effects on disease • A community epidemiology approach studying the responses of visually-distinguishable pathogens of 20 dominant tallgrass prairie plant species • Responses to burn return time and topography are less consistent from one host-pathogen system to another and may contribute to stability of plant productivity Garrett et al. (in preparation)

  14. Flowering in Dalea candida as a function of precipitation level and leaf rust infection Garrett et al. (in preparation)

  15. Movement of pathogens between agricultural and natural systems and external pathogen populations Agricultural (Managed) System Natural (Unmanaged) System Plant community Environment Host Environment Pathogen community Pathogen External pathogen community

  16. BYDV infection in native grasses • First report of BYDV/CYDV in these grass species: percentage infection based on at least 50 plants of each species • PAV is the most common strain in wheat, but was not recovered from the grasses at Konza Prairie • In wheat, infection rates by the “tallgrass prairie” strains were common adjacent to prairie but fell off 30 m into wheat fields Garrett, Dendy, Power, Blaisdell, Alexander, and McCarron 2004 Plant Disease

  17. Susceptibility of native grasses to take-all • Native grass seedlings showed nearly complete resistance or susceptibility to the take-all pathogen • Exchange between agricultural and natural systems needs study • In grasslands there is the potential for apparent competition via shared pathogens Cox, Garrett, Bockus, and Fang (in review)

  18. Ecological genomics and epidemiology Garrett et al., in review

  19. In a study of the dominant tallgrass prairie plant species, Andropogon gerardii, we have been able to detect responses to simulated precipitation change in the field using maize microarrays Travers et al., in review

  20. Systemic acquired resistance • (Need nomenclature for new forms of resistance as they are understood) • Infection with an incompatible pathogen, or virulent pathogen that causes cell death, can make a plant more resistant to subsequent infection by the same or different pathogens • SAR response in Arabidopsis confers resistance to several diseases (Ryals et al. 1996)

  21. Induced systemic resistance • Resistance to pathogens can be influenced by non-pathogenic organisms • Systemic changes in disease resistance in response to colonization by rhizosphere-colonizing Pseudomonas have been well-documented (Iavicoli et al. 2003, Cui et al. 2005) • Dissection of SAR and ISR signaling systems in Arabidopsis indicate they are controlled by different pathways and signaling molecules with some common components

  22. Landscape ecological genomics Garrett et al., in review

More Related