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KEYS Knowledge Enhances Your Safety

KEYS Knowledge Enhances Your Safety. Clinical Research Unit Department of Ophthalmology University of Alabama at Birmingham. Beth Stalvey, MPH, PhD, CHES. Target: High-Risk Older Drivers. Crash Involved Visually Impaired Legally Licensed High Driving Exposure. Curriculum.

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KEYS Knowledge Enhances Your Safety

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  1. KEYS Knowledge Enhances Your Safety Clinical Research Unit Department of Ophthalmology University of Alabama at Birmingham Beth Stalvey, MPH, PhD, CHES

  2. Target: High-Risk Older Drivers • Crash Involved • Visually Impaired • Legally Licensed • High Driving Exposure

  3. Curriculum

  4. Delivery • One-on-One • Eye Care Clinic • Tailored to Individual • Visual Function • Driving Habits • Theory Based

  5. 1) Informational Component: Visual Function and Impact on Driving • Visual Acuity • Contrast Sensitivity • Depth Perception • Peripheral Vision • Visual Processing • Objective Assessment (Exam; Screening)

  6. Skill-Building: Hazard Avoidance and Self-Regulation Driving Hazard Alternative Strategy Night Rain Interstate Left-Turn High-Traffic Rush-Hour Driving Alone Day No Rain Access Road 3 Right-Turns; Arrow Less Traveled Routes Off-Peak Hours Driving Companion

  7. Confidence Building and Behavior Change • Vicarious Learning (Driving Scenes) • Goal Setting (Signed Contract) • Vicarious Experience (Testimonial) • Self-Efficacy (Homework) • Self-Assessment; Driving Diary • Booster • Skill Review; Verbal Reinforcement

  8. Evaluation

  9. Study Design Usual Eye Care Control R A N D Post -Test Comprehensive O Assessment Baseline Eye M 6, 12, 18, 24 Assessment I months Exam Z E Educational D Intervention + Usual Eye Care 2 Sessions

  10. Outcomes At six-month post-test, those who participated in education session reported significantly • Greater level of perceived vision impairment and understanding of impact on driving • Higher number of perceived benefits to self-regulation and hazard avoidance • Greater readiness to make driving behavior change

  11. Driving Exposure 300 7 p=0.02 6 p=0.01 250 5 Usual Care 200 Usual Care 4 150 Intervention 3 100 Intervention 2 50 1 0 0 Miles Per Week Places Per Week

  12. Driving Exposure p<0.0001 p<0.0001 Intervention Intervention Usual Care Usual Care Hazard Avoidance Self-Regulation

  13. Crash Involvement

  14. Summary • Education Changes in knowledge and perceptions • Driver Performance Reduction in driving exposure Increased self-regulation • Safety Similar crash rates

  15. Crash Rate as Safety Outcome • Sufficient Power to evaluate • Length of evaluation period • Fault of driver Self-Awareness Motivation Skill Self-Regulation Confidence ? Safety Knowledge

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