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Post-discharge Heart Failure Management

Post-discharge Heart Failure Management. Ceyhun Ceyhan MD, FESC. The 80% of hospitalisations for HF occur in individuals aged more than 65 years. Circulation. 2008;117(4):e25-e146. Five-year survival following a first admission for heart failure. Readmission after hospital discharge.

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Post-discharge Heart Failure Management

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  1. Post-discharge Heart Failure Management Ceyhun Ceyhan MD, FESC

  2. The 80% of hospitalisations for HF occur in individuals aged more than 65 years. Circulation. 2008;117(4):e25-e146

  3. Five-year survival following a first admission for heart failure

  4. Readmission after hospital discharge within 6 months Am Heart J. 2000 Jan;139(1 Pt 1):72-7.

  5. The readmission rates rise with time J Am Geriatr Soc. 1990;38(12):1290-5

  6. Each hospitalisation effect myocardial and/or renal damage Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:86G-89G.

  7. Discharge planning… General topics Explanation of HF Expected symptoms and symptoms ofworsening HF Psychological responses Dietary recommendations Activity and exercise Medications

  8. Discharge planning… Should be initiated within 24-48 hours after hospital admission.

  9. Criteria for clinical stability with chronic heart failure Freedom from evidence of congestion Angina absent or present in stable exertional pattern Stable vital signs No syncope or other recurrent symptomatic arrhythmias Stability of non-cardiovascular disease Stable renal functions Compliance with medical regimen Social support Absence of serious depression or dementia

  10. Education Education of pts with HF is essential aspect of pts care that promote clinical stability. The education modules should be self-contained and written in easy to understand language. Each module should be provided practical information on a specific topic that is useful to both patients and their families.

  11. Education Physicians, advanced practice nurses, home health nurses and dietitians all play important roles in this process.

  12. Education Although 80% of the patients knew they should limit the amount of salt in their diet, only one-third regularly avoided salty foods. Approximately 40% of the patients did not recognize the importance of weighing themselves daily. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159(14):1613–1619

  13. Self-management As up to 50% of hospital admissions may be preventable with an effective strategy to reduce admissions is to improve self management. JAMA 2000; 19:2469–75

  14. Self-management Optimal self management of chronic illness involves the patient engaging in activities that promote their health, control the impact of their illness on their daily life, adherence to medication regimens and medical appointments is closest to optimal. JAMA 2000; 19:2469–75

  15. The ineffective management programs were less likely to follow the guidelines. Eur Heart J. 2006;27(5):596-612

  16. It is common practice to withdraw a β-blocker when patients are admitted to hospital because of worsening CHF

  17. B-CONVINCED: Beta-blocker CONtinuationVs. INterruption in patients with Congestive heart failure hospitalizED for a decompensation episode Eur Heart J. 2009;30(18):2186-92

  18. The Recommendations of ESC Guideline When Worsening symptoms/signs occur: If increasing congestion – increase dose of diuretic and/or halve dose of beta-blocker If marked fatigue (and/or bradycardia—see below) – halve dose of beta-blocker Keep BB ESC Heart Failure Guideline 2008

  19. The Recommendations of ESC Guideline In severe situations, temporary discontinuation can be considered. Low-dose therapy should be re-instituted and up-titrated as soon as the patient's clinical condition permits, preferably prior to discharge. Keep BB ESC Heart Failure Guideline 2008

  20. The Recommendations of ESC Guideline In patients admitted to hospital due to worsening HF, a reduction in the β-blocker dose may be necessary. Keep BB ESC Heart Failure Guideline 2008

  21. Activity and Exercise Pts should be encouraged to stay as active as possible, including sexual activity and a moderate exercise (aerobic training) program. BMJ  2004;328:189

  22. Medications The one of the major cause of re-hospitalisation and heart failure exacerbation is lack of compliance with prescribed medications. Am J Crit Care. 1998;7(3):168-74 Arch Intern Med. 1988;148(9):2013-6

  23. Adherence to guidelines is a predictor of outcome in chronic heart failure: the MAHLER survey Eur Heart J 2005;26:1653-1659

  24. The cost of hospital readmissions is lower in the intervention group by $460 ($153 per pt/month)

  25. Vaccinations A further case series showed that 12% of hospitalizations in HF pts were due to pulmonary infection.

  26. Vaccinations Patients with chronic HF should receive one pneumococcal vaccination and an annual influenza vaccination.

  27. Reasons for non-compliance with therapeutic regimen Lack of knowledge Poor motivation Lower self-efficacy Comorbidities Forgetfulness Decreased support from family or caregivers J Cardiovasc Nurs. 1997;11(4):75-84

  28. Medications Pts should be taught the name of each drug and its purpose, dosage, frequency and significantside effects. A medication schedule may also minimize to potential for drug interactions. • Alternative medications should not be taken • without consulting the healthcare team.

  29. Discharge Education Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure P=0.012. Circulation. 2005;111:179-185

  30. Heart Failure Clinics Patients who received regular cardiovascular follow-up visits with a physician had fewer visits to emergency department, fewer admitted to hospital and 1-year mortality is lower. both specialist and family physician family physician only no physician visits

  31. Written materials and videotapes are not replacement for one-to-one education.

  32. Impact of heart failure management unit on heart failure-related readmission rate and mortality Archives of cardiovascular disease, 2010;103(2):90-6

  33. Meta-analysis showed a significant reduction in all causeadmission (relative risk 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79 to 0.95, p<0.002) However, significant heterogenity (p<0.002) was found

  34. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1999; 33:1560-1566

  35. PacifiCare and Alere Medical to Provide Congestive Heart Failure Patients Innovative AlereNet CHF Management System. Patients initiate the monitoring process each morning by simply standing on the DayLink(R) monitor, located in their home. A phone line to the Alere Network automatically transmits the information to a central call station monitored by cardiac-trained nurses who analyze trends that may reveal a change in the patient's health status. If indicated, the patient's doctor is notified, and the need for clinical intervention is assessed before an expensive hospital admission or emergency room visit is required. Daily electronic home monitoring system

  36. AlereNet CHF Management System is representing a 56.2% difference in mortality The number of patients needed to treat in order to save one life was 9.7 the Weight Monitoring in Heart Failure (WHARF) trial Am Heart J 2003;146(4):705-12.

  37. The cost per patient for the Home Health Monitor is $408/month

  38. Effect of Home-Based Telemonitoring Using Mobile Phone Technology on the Outcome of Heart Failure Patients After an Episode of Acute Decompensation: Randomized Controlled Trial the MOBIle TELemonitoring in Heart Failure Patients Study (MOBITEL)

  39. The telemonitoring equipment consisted of three commercially available components: (1) a mobile phone (Nokia 3510, Finland), (2) a weight scale with 0.1 kg accuracy and electronic display (Soehnle creta, Germany), and (3) a sphygmomanometer for fully automated measurement of blood pressure and heart rate (BosoMedicus, Bosch&Sohn, Germany). J Med Internet Res 2009;11(3):e34

  40. Tele group patients were asked to measure vital parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, body weight) on a daily basis at the same time, preferably in the morning after emptying the bladder and before dressing and taking medication. J Med Internet Res 2009;11(3):e34

  41. Study physicians had access to a secure website providing both numerical and graphical depiction of data for each patient. Whenever necessary, study physicians could contact patients using the mobile phone J Med Internet Res 2009;11(3):e34

  42. Trend chart of vital parameters of a typical patient

  43. Providing elderly patients with an adequate user interface for daily data acquisition remains a challenging component of such a concept. J Med Internet Res 2009;11(3):e34

  44. Factors predicting early post-discharge mortality include Age, Serum creatinine, Reactive airway disease, Liver disease, Lower systolic blood pressure, Lower serum sodium, lower admission weight, and depression Am Heart J. 2008 Oct;156(4):662-73.

  45. Multidisciplinary interventions to patients with heart failure not only reduces hospital admission but also is an effective method for reducingmortality.

  46. Intervention costs were higher with more complex programs ($8383 per patient per year) versus less complex programs ($1695 per patient per year). Journal of Cardiac Failure 2007;13(1):56-62

  47. inT Hit-P Post-discharge Heart Failure MonitorizationPrograminTurkey

  48. The patients are randomized (2:1) blinded to control and investigation group. Intensive education about HF before discharging, byexperiencedcardiologistandnurse Using a teachingbooklet

  49. End-points Primary end-point: Cardiovascular death or hospitalisasiton Secondary end-point; All cause of hospitalisations hospitalisation related to worsening HF Admission to emergency unite Any cause of death

  50. ThankYou

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